<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360</id><updated>2012-02-16T14:51:49.242+03:30</updated><category term='سردبيرگروه ذرات بنيادي'/><category term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><category term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>High Energy Physics Group of IAU</title><subtitle type='html'></subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default?max-results=100'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><link rel='next' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default?start-index=101&amp;max-results=100'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>131</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>100</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-1334718074210517839</id><published>2010-11-11T23:23:00.000+03:30</published><updated>2010-11-11T23:23:43.470+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><title type='text'>First Annual Conference on Particle Physics,Yazd,2011</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span id="main" style="visibility: visible;"&gt;&lt;span id="search" style="visibility: visible;"&gt;&lt;span class="f"&gt;&lt;cite&gt;www.yazdparticles.ir&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-1334718074210517839?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/1334718074210517839/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/11/first-annual-conference-on-particle.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/1334718074210517839'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/1334718074210517839'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/11/first-annual-conference-on-particle.html' title='First Annual Conference on Particle Physics,Yazd,2011'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-6395059448033393175</id><published>2010-11-11T23:19:00.001+03:30</published><updated>2010-11-11T23:20:47.423+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><title type='text'>CERN completes transition to lead-ion running at the LHC</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="color: #eeeeee; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/TNxIvo83VKI/AAAAAAAAANA/PFdCiovEIZ8/s1600/8november2010.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/TNxIvo83VKI/AAAAAAAAANA/PFdCiovEIZ8/s1600/8november2010.gif" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="style4"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;    &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;div class="style4"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="style4"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"&gt;Geneva,&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Object" id="OBJ_PREFIX_DWT286" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none;"&gt;8      November 2010&lt;/span&gt;. Four days is all it took for the LHC      operations team at CERN to complete the transition from protons      to lead ions in the LHC. After extracting the final proton beam      of 2010 on 4 November, commissioning the lead-ion beam was      underway by early afternoon. First collisions were recorded at      00:30 CET on 7 November, and stable running conditions marked      the start of physics with heavy ions at 11:20 CET&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Object" id="OBJ_PREFIX_DWT287" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none;"&gt;today&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="style4"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;    &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt;"&gt;“The speed of the transition      to lead ions is a sign of the maturity of the LHC,”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;said      CERN Director General Rolf Heuer.&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;“The      machine is running like clockwork after just a few months of      routine operation.”&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="style4"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;    &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"&gt;     Operating the LHC with lead ions – lead atoms stripped of      electrons - is completely different from operating the machine      with protons. From the source to collisions, operational      parameters have to be re-established for the new type of beam.      For lead-ions, as for protons before them, the procedure started      with threading a single beam round the ring in one direction and      steadily increasing the number of laps before repeating the      process for the other beam. Once circulating beams had been      established they could be accelerated to the full energy of 287      TeV per beam. This energy is much higher than for proton beams      because lead ions contain 82 protons. Another period of careful      adjustment was needed before lining the beams up for collision,      and then finally declaring that nominal data taking conditions,      known at CERN as stable beams, had been established. The three      experiments recording data with lead ions, ALICE, ATLAS and CMS      can now look forward to continuous lead-ion running until CERN’s      winter technical stop begins on 6 December.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="style4"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;    &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt;"&gt;“It's been very impressive to      see how well the LHC has adapted to lead ions,”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;said      Jurgen Schukraft, spokesperson of the ALICE experiment.&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;“The      ALICE detector has been optimised to record the large number of      tracks that emerge from ion collisions and has handled the first      collisions very well, so we are all set to explore this new      opportunity at LHC.”&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;    &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt;"&gt;“After a      very successful proton run, we’re very excited to be moving to      this new phase of LHC operation,”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;said      ATLAS spokesperson Fabiola Gianotti.&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;“The      ATLAS detector has recorded first spectacular heavy-ion events,      and we are eager to study them in detail.”&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="style4" style="margin-top: 0.1pt;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12pt;"&gt;“We      designed CMS as a multi-purpose detector,”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;said      Guido Tonelli, the collaboration’s spokesperson,&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;“and      it’s very rewarding to see how well it’s adapting to this new      kind of collision. Having data collected by the same detector in      proton-proton and heavy-ion modes is a powerful tool to look for      unambiguous signatures of new states of matter.”&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="style4"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;    &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"&gt;     Lead-ion running opens up an entirely new avenue of exploration      for the LHC programme, probing matter as it would have been in      the first instants of the Universe’s existence. One of the main      objectives for lead-ion running is to produce tiny quantities of      such matter, which is known as quark-gluon plasma, and to study      its evolution into the kind of matter that makes up the Universe&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Object" id="OBJ_PREFIX_DWT288" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none;"&gt;today&lt;/span&gt;.      This exploration will shed further light on the properties of      the strong interaction, which binds the particles called quarks,      into bigger objects, such as protons and neutrons.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="style4"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;    &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"&gt;     Following the winter technical stop, operation of the collider      will start again with protons in February and physics runs will      continue through 2011.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-6395059448033393175?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/6395059448033393175/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/11/cern-completes-transition-to-lead-ion.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6395059448033393175'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6395059448033393175'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/11/cern-completes-transition-to-lead-ion.html' title='CERN completes transition to lead-ion running at the LHC'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/TNxIvo83VKI/AAAAAAAAANA/PFdCiovEIZ8/s72-c/8november2010.gif' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-4980472488819249703</id><published>2010-11-11T23:18:00.000+03:30</published><updated>2010-11-11T23:18:11.467+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><title type='text'>LHC protons 2010: mission accomplished</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="style7" style="orphans: 2; widows: 2;"&gt; &lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;    &lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="style4"&gt; &lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;    &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: black; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="style9"&gt;When we started running the LHC at the end      of March, we set ourselves the objective of reaching a      luminosity of 10&lt;sup&gt;32&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;by      the end of 2010 proton running. Last night, we achieved that      goal.&amp;nbsp; The beams that went in at around 2:00am, were colliding      with a luminosity of 1.01&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="style3" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt;´&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: black; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="style9"&gt;10&lt;sup&gt;32&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;by      3:38am in both ATLAS and CMS, and had delivered an integrated      luminosity of over 2 inverse picobarns to ATLAS, CMS and LHCb by      midday today. It’s a great achievement by all concerned to reach      this important milestone with over two weeks to spare. The      remainder of this year’s proton running will be devoted to      maximising the LHC 2010 data set and preparing for 2011 proton      running before we switch to lead ions in November.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;    &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: black; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="style3"&gt;     &lt;div class="style5"&gt;The significance of this milestone can’t be      underestimated, since it is a necessary step on the way to the      larger goal of delivering an integrated luminosity of one      inverse femtobarn to the experiments by the end of 2011. That’s      the amount of data we need to ensure that if nature has put new      physics in our path at the LHC’s current collision energy, we’ll      have a good chance of seeing it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="style1"&gt;At the moment, we’re running the LHC with 248      bunches per beam in a configuration that allows us to go much      higher. As 2011 proton running gets underway early next year      we’ll continue increasing the number of bunches, since a factor      of two or so more luminosity is still needed if we’re to reach      our one inverse femtobarn goal. That, however, is for next year.      In the meantime, the objective we set ourselves for this year      was realistic, but tough, and it’s very gratifying to see it      achieved in such fine style.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-4980472488819249703?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/4980472488819249703/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/11/lhc-protons-2010-mission-accomplished.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4980472488819249703'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4980472488819249703'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/11/lhc-protons-2010-mission-accomplished.html' title='LHC protons 2010: mission accomplished'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-1636714975779252025</id><published>2010-08-12T19:38:00.001+04:30</published><updated>2010-08-12T19:43:24.657+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><title type='text'>LHCNews:   ICHEP 2010 conference highlights first results from the LHC</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee; margin-bottom: 0.1pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;Geneva, 26 July 2010.      First results from the LHC at CERN are being revealed at ICHEP,&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;the      world’s largest international conference on particle physics,      which has attracted more than 1000 participants to its venue in&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Paris.      The spokespersons of the four major experiments at the LHC –      ALICE, ATLAS, CMS and LHCb – are today presenting measurements      from the first three months of successful LHC operation at 3.5      TeV per beam, an energy three and a half times higher than      previously achieved at a particle accelerator.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee; margin-bottom: 0.1pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;With these first      measurements the experiments are rediscovering the particles      that lie at the heart of the Standard Model – the package that      contains current understanding of the particles of matter and      the forces that act between them. This is an essential step      before moving on to make discoveries.&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;Among      the billions of collisions already recorded are some that      contain 'candidates' for the top quark, for the first time at a      European laboratory.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee; margin-bottom: 0.1pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;“Rediscovering our      ‘old friends’ in the particle world shows that the LHC      experiments are well prepared to enter new territory”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;said      CERN’s Director-General Rolf Heuer.&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;“It      seems that the Standard Model is working as expected. Now it is      down to nature to show us what is new.”&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee; margin-bottom: 0.1pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;The quality of the      results presented at ICHEP bears witness both to the excellent      performance of the LHC and to the high quality of the data in      the experiments. The LHC, which is still in its early days, is      making steady progress towards its ultimate operating      conditions. The luminosity – a measure of the collision rate -      has already risen by a factor of more than a thousand since the      end of March. This rapid progress with commissioning the LHC      beam has been matched by the speed with which the data on      billions of collisions have been processed by the Worldwide LHC      Computing Grid, which allows data from the experiments to be      analysed at collaborating centres around the world.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee; margin-bottom: 0.1pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;“Within      days we were finding Ws, and later Zs – the two carriers of the      weak force discovered here at CERN nearly 30 years ago,”&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;said      Fabiola Gianotti, spokesperson for the 3000-strong ATLAS      collaboration.&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;“Thanks      to the efforts of the whole collaboration, in particular the      young scientists, everything from data-taking at the detector,      through calibration, data processing and distribution, to the      physics analysis, has worked fast and efficiently.”&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;     &lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;“It is      amazing to see how quickly we have ‘re-discovered’ the known      particles: from the lightest resonances up to the massive top      quark. What we have shown here in Paris is just the first      outcome of an intense campaign of accurate measurements of their      properties.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;said      Guido Tonelli, spokesperson for CMS.&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;“This      patient and systematic work is needed to establish the known      background to any new signal.”&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee; margin-bottom: 0.1pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;“The LHCb      experiment is tailor-made to study the family of b particles,      containing beauty quarks,”&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;said      the experiment’s spokesperson Andrei Golutvin, “&lt;i&gt;So it’s      extremely gratifying that we are already finding hundreds of      examples of these particles, clearly pin-pointed through the      analysis of many particle tracks.”&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee; margin-bottom: 0.1pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;“The current      running with proton collisions has allowed us to connect with      results from other experiments at lower energies,&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;test      and improve the extrapolations made for the LHC,&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;and      prepare the ground for the heavy-ion runs,”&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;said      Jurgen Schukraft, spokesperson for the ALICE collaboration. This      experiment is optimized to study collisions of lead ions, which      will occur in the LHC for the first time later this year.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee; margin-bottom: 0.1pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;Two further      experiments have also already benefited from the first months of      LHC operation at 3.5 TeV per beam. LHCf, which is studying the      production of neutral particles in proton-proton collisions to      help in understanding cosmic-ray interactions in the Earth’s      atmosphere, has already collected the data it needs at a beam      energy of 3.5 TeV. TOTEM, which has to move close to the beams      for its in-depth studies of the proton, is beginning to make its      first measurements.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee; margin-bottom: 0.1pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;CERN      will run the LHC for 18-24 months with the objective of      delivering enough data to the experiments to make significant      advances across a wide range of physics processes. With the      amount of data expected, referred to as one inverse femtobarn,      the experiments should be well placed to make inroads in to new      territory, with the possibility of significant discoveries.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee; margin-bottom: 0.1pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee; margin-bottom: 0.1pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;Source: IPM &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-1636714975779252025?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/1636714975779252025/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/08/lhcnews-ichep-2010-conference.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/1636714975779252025'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/1636714975779252025'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/08/lhcnews-ichep-2010-conference.html' title='LHCNews:   ICHEP 2010 conference highlights first results from the LHC'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-5517791313275506711</id><published>2010-08-12T19:37:00.001+04:30</published><updated>2010-08-12T19:42:36.799+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><title type='text'>Europe reaches the top, err, the top reaches Europe</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;"&gt;July 23, 2010&lt;br /&gt;It might be a long way to the top, but the LHC experiments      are already half-way there. Today at the&lt;a href="http://ichep2010.fr/"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href="http://ichep2010.fr/" style="text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"&gt;International      Conference on High Energy Physics&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;in      Paris, the CMS and ATLAS experiments presented their first top      quark candidates. These candidates are collisions that have all      the hallmarks of having produced top quarks, but the experiments      don’t yet have enough data to be 100% sure that the events      created top quarks that decayed into other particles, rather      than another type of event.&lt;br /&gt;“The signal is starting to rise from the background,” notes      Tim Christiansen from CMS.&lt;br /&gt;The top quark, the heaviest particle in the Standard Model,      was&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.fnal.gov/pub/inquiring/physics/discoveries/pr/top_news_release.html" style="text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"&gt;discovered&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;at      Fermilab’s Tevatron in 1995. The CDF and DZero experiments on      the Tevatron are still busy measuring its properties in detail      (one of this morning’s parallel&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://indico.cern.ch/sessionDisplay.py?sessionId=48&amp;amp;confId=73513#all" style="text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"&gt;sessions&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;had      several talks on its width, mass and likely couplings to      particles of and beyond the Standard Model). Now the LHC      experiments are joining them on the way to explore the top: both      CMS and ATLAS showed selected candidate events of top quark      pairs.&lt;br /&gt;Finding top quarks at the LHC is exciting because the top is      the last, and heaviest, particle that the LHC needed to add to      its list of ‘rediscoveries’. It is also an important partner in      the hunt for all sorts of new physics. The better the top and      its behavior&amp;nbsp;are understood the easier it will be to distinguish      events that involve direct top quark production from events that      involve, for example, the Higgs or supersymmetric particles.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.symmetrymagazine.org/breaking/2010/07/23/europe-reaches-the-top-err-the-top-reaches-europe/" style="text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"&gt;     http://www.symmetrymagazine.org/breaking/2010/07/23/europe-reaches-the-top-err-the-top-reaches-europe/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Source: ipm &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-5517791313275506711?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/5517791313275506711/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/08/europe-reaches-top-err-top-reaches.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/5517791313275506711'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/5517791313275506711'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/08/europe-reaches-top-err-top-reaches.html' title='Europe reaches the top, err, the top reaches Europe'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-4870606657951139131</id><published>2010-08-12T19:35:00.003+04:30</published><updated>2010-08-12T19:42:06.723+04:30</updated><title type='text'>Progress at the LHC</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="background-color: black; color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="left" style="background-color: black; color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;"&gt;     Geneva. 15 July, 2010&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="background-color: black; color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;     &lt;span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9pt;"&gt;A month ago      we decided to focus fully on commissioning the LHC beam with the      goal of establishing the conditions for routine collisions      between bunches at design intensity at an energy of 3.5 TeV per      beam. This involved optimizing not only the LHC but also the      injection of protons from the SPS. The teams made very good      progress and the machine now runs smoothly for physics with      multiple bunches of 10&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;protons      per bunch.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9pt;"&gt;This is an&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;excellent      achievement for a machine that is still in its infancy, having      produced its first collisions at 3.5 TeV only three and a half      months ago.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9pt;"&gt;While there      remain issues to understand – as is hardly surprising with a new      machine operating in a new energy region – the effort on beam      commissioning has certainly paid off.&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;The      peak luminosity, which depends on the number of protons per beam      and how tightly they are squeezed together, has risen by more      than a factor of 1000 to a value of 1.4 x 10&lt;sup&gt;30&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;cm&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;s&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9pt;"&gt;Increased      luminosity means more collisions and more data for the      experiments. Today we are already above an integrated luminosity      of 200 nb&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;. This puts the experiments in an      excellent position to present important results in a new energy      region at the major international conference, ICHEP 2010, which      starts later next week.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9pt;"&gt;source: IPM &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-4870606657951139131?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/4870606657951139131/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/08/progress-at-lhc.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4870606657951139131'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4870606657951139131'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/08/progress-at-lhc.html' title='Progress at the LHC'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-2320734006921598768</id><published>2010-08-12T19:34:00.001+04:30</published><updated>2010-08-12T19:40:22.666+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><title type='text'>The first two months at 3.5 TeV per beam</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 9pt;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;Geneva 2 June&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;     &lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;     &lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;Two months is a very short time in      the life of a major particle physics project, but a lot can      happen in that time as the LHC has shown since 30 March.      Colliding beams at 3.5 TeV was an important milestone, a start      to the LHC physics programme, but it was just a single step on a      very long journey. Since then, we’ve lengthened our stride, and      are progressing well towards the key objectives for 2010.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;"&gt;     The next major milestone came on 19 April with a ten-fold      increase in luminosity – in other words, the machine started      delivering ten times as many collisions to the experiments in a      given period of time than had previously been possible. This      came about thanks to two simultaneous developments: firstly the      number of particles in each bunch was doubled, and secondly the      beam size at the interaction point was squeezed down. The term      you’ll hear used to describe the beam size at the interaction      point is called beta-star, and the smaller the beta, the better.      Before squeeze, beta is 11 m at ATLAS and CMS. The ultimate goal      is to reduce it to 0.55 m. Today, we’re running with a beta of 2      m. That may not sound very small, and that’s because it’s not      the size of the beam: beta is the distance from the interaction      point that the beam is twice the size it is at the interaction      point. What’s important for physics is that the lower the beta,      the smaller the beam at the interaction point. With beta of 2 m,      the beam is just 45 microns across at the interaction point, a      quarter the width of a human hair, and its cross section is      about five times smaller than with a beta of 11 m.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;"&gt;     Four weeks of running under these conditions led to significant      quantities of data being accumulated by the experiments, and      then came the next big step. Over the weekend of 22 May, we      started to run with 13 bunches in each beam.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px;"&gt;     &lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial;"&gt;The first      collisions on 30 March were done with one bunch per beam, and      the ultimate goal is to reach 2808, so there’s still some way to      go. Nevertheless, we set a new luminosity record that weekend of      2&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9pt;"&gt;´&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;10&lt;sup&gt;29&lt;/sup&gt;.      To put that in context, we achieved 10&lt;sup&gt;27&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;on      30 March, the design figure for the LHC is 10&lt;sup&gt;34&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;and      the objective for 2010 is to reach 10&lt;sup&gt;32&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;All this was      achieved during physics running, leading to incredible progress      being made by the experiments. They have been running with 90%      efficiency, a remarkable achievement for devices of such      complexity. Billions of collisions have been recorded and      successfully dispatched for analysis via the LHC Computing Grid.      The rediscovery of the Standard Model, which is necessary before      we can confidently say we’re ready for new physics, is well      underway. There are even some intriguing observations about the      properties of collisions at this new energy. As a measure of      their success to date, the experiments have already published or      submitted over a dozen papers to peer reviewed journals and      conferences based on LHC collision data.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;Physics      running is interspersed with periods of machine development      essential for further progress to be made. As a foretaste of      what the experiments can expect over the next two months, the      LHC operations team has notched up some impressive results over      the last few machine development sessions. The first of these      was to inject bunches with more than the LHC’s design intensity      and collide them at 450 GeV. There’s nothing new about 450 GeV,      but it’s an important milestone nevertheless since the      difficulty of colliding bunches increases with intensity. By      comparison, adding extra bunches is a relatively easier task.      The icing on the cake of last week’s machine development came      when design intensity bunches were brought into collision at 3.5      TeV on 26 May.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;Behind this      great progress is a guiding principle of caution. The masters of      ceremony are those responsible for the systems that protect the      LHC and the experiments from stray beam particles. Collimators      absorb particles that wander from their intended orbits before      they can impinge on LHC magnets or sensitive detector elements,      while the LHC beam dump system is there to extract the beams      safely in case of need. Any increase in intensity has to be      approved by the LHC machine protection teams, and progress is      incremental. Each increase in intensity, and therefore stored      energy in the machine, is a learning process for the machine      protection teams and only when they are ready do increases in      intensity happen.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;With all eyes      on the amount of data being delivered to the experiments, it      would be easy to overlook some of the pioneering systems that      make the LHC possible. When I asked someone in the CERN Control      Centre last week about the cryogenics, they replied that it’s      working so well they’d almost forgotten it was there. For the      operators of the world’s largest cryogenic installation that’s      quite a compliment. And for anyone wondering whether large-scale      cryogenics may have broader applications, the LHC is proving to      be an interesting test case.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;The same goes      for the vacuum systems. Beam lifetimes of 1000 hours have been      posted, which is truly exceptional for any particle accelerator.      Of course, we don’t keep beams for that long: there are many      reasons why beams are extracted long before they reach their      theoretical lifetimes. So far in the LHC, the longest fill for      physics has been 30 hours, which well exceeds my expectations      for the first months of running.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;"&gt;     A lot can happen in two months, and we are well on course to      achieving our 2010 objectives for the LHC. The fact that the      LHC’s availability for operation is already over 60% is      testimony to the skills and professionalism of all those who      operate the machine and its supporting infrastructure, and it is      perhaps the one statistic that has made all the others possible.      As I write, we’ve recently completed a rather frustrating      weekend, with a short circuit in a cable terminal of an      electrical cabinet stopping us from running. By Monday morning,      however, we’d recovered and will resume LHC running tomorrow      after a scheduled technical stop. Glitches such as this are a      fact of life in a working lab, and do not detract from the fact      that we have much to be pleased with from these two months.&amp;nbsp; As      the figures I’ve quoted above illustrate, however, we still have      a long way to travel. My congratulations go to all involved with      this great scientific adventure.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;"&gt;Source: IPM &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-2320734006921598768?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/2320734006921598768/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/08/first-two-months-at-35-tev-per-beam.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/2320734006921598768'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/2320734006921598768'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/08/first-two-months-at-35-tev-per-beam.html' title='The first two months at 3.5 TeV per beam'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-7247381645639347672</id><published>2010-06-16T21:27:00.007+04:30</published><updated>2010-06-16T21:30:53.199+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><title type='text'>CERN Press Release - Particle Chameleon Caught in the act of Changing</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;    &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;31 May 2010&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;    &lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Times New Roman; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;    &lt;/span&gt;     &lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 9pt;"&gt;     &lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 9pt;"&gt;    &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;     Geneva, 31 May 2010. Researchers on the OPERA experiment at the      INFN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://particles.ipm.ir/news/LHCNews.htm#128ee0f744a66eee__ftn1" name="128ee0f744a66eee__ftnref1" style="text-decoration: none;" title=""&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;[1]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;’s      Gran Sasso laboratory in Italy today announced the first direct      observation of a tau particle in a muon neutrino beam sent      through the Earth from CERN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://particles.ipm.ir/news/LHCNews.htm#128ee0f744a66eee__ftn2" name="128ee0f744a66eee__ftnref2" style="text-decoration: none;" title=""&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;[2]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 9pt;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;,      730km away. This is a significant result, providing the final      missing piece of a puzzle that has been challenging science      since the 1960s, and giving tantalizing hints of new physics to      come.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;The neutrino      puzzle began with a pioneering and ultimately Nobel Prize      winning experiment conducted by US scientist Ray Davies      beginning in the 1960s. He observed far fewer neutrinos arriving      at the Earth from the Sun than solar models predicted: either      solar models were wrong, or something was happening to the      neutrinos on their way. A possible solution to the puzzle was      provided in 1969 by the theorists Bruno Pontecorvo and Vladimir      Gribov, who first suggested that&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;chameleon-like      oscillatory changes between different types of neutrinos could      be responsible for the apparent neutrino deficit.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;Several experiments since have observed the      disappearance of muon-neutrinos, confirming the oscillation      hypothesis, but until now no observations of the appearance of a      tau-neutrino in a pure muon-neutrino beam have been observed:      this is the first time that the neutrino chameleon has been      caught in the act of changing from muon-type to tau-type.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;Antonio Ereditato, Spokesperson of the      OPERA collaboration described the development as: “&lt;i&gt;an      important result which rewards the entire OPERA collaboration      for its years of commitment and which confirms that we have made      sound experimental choices. We are confident that this first      event will be followed by others that will fully demonstrate the      appearance of neutrino oscillation".&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;"The OPERA experiment has reached its      first goal: the detection of a tau neutrino obtained from the      transformation of a muon neutrino, which occurred during the      journey from Geneva to the Gran Sasso Laboratory,&lt;/i&gt;” added      Lucia Votano, Director Gran Sasso laboratories. &lt;i&gt;“This      important result comes after a decade of intense work performed      by the Collaboration, with the support of the Laboratory, and it      again confirms that LNGS is a leading laboratory in      Astroparticle Physics”.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;The OPERA result follows seven years of      preparation and over three years of beam provided by CERN.      During that time, billions of billions of muon-neutrinos have      been sent from CERN to Gran Sasso, taking just 2.4 milliseconds      to make the trip.&amp;nbsp; The rarity of neutrino oscillation, coupled      with the fact that neutrinos interact very weakly with matter      makes this kind of experiment extremely subtle to conduct.&amp;nbsp;      CERN’s neutrino beam was first switched on in 2006, and since      then researchers on the OPERA experiment have been carefully      sifting their data for evidence of the appearance of tau      particles, the telltale sign that a muon-neutrino has oscillated      into a tau-neutrino. Patience of this kind is a virtue in      particle physics research, as INFN President Roberto Petronzio      explained:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;“This success is due to the tenacity and      inventiveness of the physicists of the international community,      who designed a particle beam especially for this experiment,”&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;said      Petronzio. &lt;i&gt;“In this way, the original design of Gran Sasso      has been crowned with success. In fact, when constructed, the      laboratories were oriented so that they could receive particle      beams from CERN”.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;At CERN, neutrinos are generated from      collisions of an accelerated beam of protons with a target. When      protons hit the target, particles called pions and kaons are      produced. They quickly decay, giving rise to neutrinos. Unlike      charged particles, neutrinos are not sensitive to the      electromagnetic fields usually used by physicists to change the      trajectories of particle beams. Neutrinos can pass through      matter without interacting with it; they keep the same direction      of motion they have from their birth. Hence, as soon as they are      produced, they maintain a straight path, passing through the      Earth's crust. For this reason, it is extremely important that      from the very beginning the beam points exactly towards the      laboratories at Gran Sasso.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div [windows-1252?]class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;‘This is an important      step for neutrino physics,”&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;said      CERN Director General Rolf Heuer. &lt;i&gt;“My congratulations go to      the OPERA experiment and the Gran Sasso Laboratories,&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;as      well as the accelerator departments at CERN. W&lt;/span&gt;e’re all      looking forward to unveiling the new physics this result      presages.”&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;While closing a chapter on understanding      the nature of neutrinos, the observation of neutrino      oscillations is strong evidence for new physics. In the theories      that physicists use to explain the behaviour of fundamental      particles, which is known as the Standard Model, neutrinos have      no mass. For neutrinos to be able to oscillate, however, they      must have mass: something must be missing from the Standard      Model. Despite its success in describing the particles that make      up the visible Universe and their interactions, physicists have      long known that there is much the Standard Model does not      explain. One possibility is the existence of other, so-far      unobserved types of neutrinos that could shed light on Dark      Matter, which is believed to make up about a quarter of the      Universe’s mass.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://particles.ipm.ir/news/LHCNews.htm#128ee0f744a66eee__ftnref1" name="128ee0f744a66eee__ftn1" style="text-decoration: none;" title=""&gt;      &lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;[1]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;Italy's       national nuclear physics institute,&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;INFN&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;(Istituto       Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare), supports, coordinates and       carries out scientific research in subnuclear, nuclear and       astroparticle physics and is involved in developing related       technologies. The institute operates in conjunction with       universities and is involved in the wider international       debate as well as in cooperation programs. The Institute was       established by physicists in Milan, Padua, Rome and Turin on       8 August 1951with a view to pursuing and furthering the       research started by Enrico Fermi's team of researchers       during the 1930s. In over 50 years, INFN has gradually       extended and currently includes thirty detachments, four       national laboratories and a data processing centre.       Furthermore, the area outside Pisa is host to the       gravitational observatory EGO, jointly developed by INFN and       the French national research centre. As many as 5000       contribute to the institute's endeavours; 2000 of whom are       directly employed by it, 2000 university staff and more than       one thousand among students and scholarship holders.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;      &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;      &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://particles.ipm.ir/news/LHCNews.htm#128ee0f744a66eee__ftnref2" name="128ee0f744a66eee__ftn2" style="text-decoration: none;" title=""&gt;      &lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;[2]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;CERN,&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;the       European Organization for Nuclear Research, is the world's       leading laboratory for particle physics. It has its       headquarters in Geneva. At present, its Member States are       Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Denmark,       Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy,       Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain,       Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. India, Israel,       Japan, the Russian Federation, the United States of America,       Turkey, the European Commission and UNESCO have Observer       status.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;Source: IPM.ir &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-7247381645639347672?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/7247381645639347672/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/06/cern-press-release-particle-chameleon.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/7247381645639347672'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/7247381645639347672'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/06/cern-press-release-particle-chameleon.html' title='CERN Press Release - Particle Chameleon Caught in the act of Changing'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-8376386725637552908</id><published>2010-06-16T21:27:00.006+04:30</published><updated>2010-06-16T21:30:22.867+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><title type='text'>The first two months at 3.5 TeV per beam</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;2 June 2010&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;     &lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 9pt;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;     Geneva 2 June&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;     &lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;     &lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;Two months is a very short time in      the life of a major particle physics project, but a lot can      happen in that time as the LHC has shown since 30 March.      Colliding beams at 3.5 TeV was an important milestone, a start      to the LHC physics programme, but it was just a single step on a      very long journey. Since then, we’ve lengthened our stride, and      are progressing well towards the key objectives for 2010.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;"&gt;     The next major milestone came on 19 April with a ten-fold      increase in luminosity – in other words, the machine started      delivering ten times as many collisions to the experiments in a      given period of time than had previously been possible. This      came about thanks to two simultaneous developments: firstly the      number of particles in each bunch was doubled, and secondly the      beam size at the interaction point was squeezed down. The term      you’ll hear used to describe the beam size at the interaction      point is called beta-star, and the smaller the beta, the better.      Before squeeze, beta is 11 m at ATLAS and CMS. The ultimate goal      is to reduce it to 0.55 m. Today, we’re running with a beta of 2      m. That may not sound very small, and that’s because it’s not      the size of the beam: beta is the distance from the interaction      point that the beam is twice the size it is at the interaction      point. What’s important for physics is that the lower the beta,      the smaller the beam at the interaction point. With beta of 2 m,      the beam is just 45 microns across at the interaction point, a      quarter the width of a human hair, and its cross section is      about five times smaller than with a beta of 11 m.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;"&gt;     Four weeks of running under these conditions led to significant      quantities of data being accumulated by the experiments, and      then came the next big step. Over the weekend of 22 May, we      started to run with 13 bunches in each beam.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px;"&gt;     &lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial;"&gt;The first      collisions on 30 March were done with one bunch per beam, and      the ultimate goal is to reach 2808, so there’s still some way to      go. Nevertheless, we set a new luminosity record that weekend of      2&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9pt;"&gt;´&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;10&lt;sup&gt;29&lt;/sup&gt;.      To put that in context, we achieved 10&lt;sup&gt;27&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;on      30 March, the design figure for the LHC is 10&lt;sup&gt;34&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;and      the objective for 2010 is to reach 10&lt;sup&gt;32&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;All this was      achieved during physics running, leading to incredible progress      being made by the experiments. They have been running with 90%      efficiency, a remarkable achievement for devices of such      complexity. Billions of collisions have been recorded and      successfully dispatched for analysis via the LHC Computing Grid.      The rediscovery of the Standard Model, which is necessary before      we can confidently say we’re ready for new physics, is well      underway. There are even some intriguing observations about the      properties of collisions at this new energy. As a measure of      their success to date, the experiments have already published or      submitted over a dozen papers to peer reviewed journals and      conferences based on LHC collision data.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;Physics      running is interspersed with periods of machine development      essential for further progress to be made. As a foretaste of      what the experiments can expect over the next two months, the      LHC operations team has notched up some impressive results over      the last few machine development sessions. The first of these      was to inject bunches with more than the LHC’s design intensity      and collide them at 450 GeV. There’s nothing new about 450 GeV,      but it’s an important milestone nevertheless since the      difficulty of colliding bunches increases with intensity. By      comparison, adding extra bunches is a relatively easier task.      The icing on the cake of last week’s machine development came      when design intensity bunches were brought into collision at 3.5      TeV on 26 May.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;Behind this      great progress is a guiding principle of caution. The masters of      ceremony are those responsible for the systems that protect the      LHC and the experiments from stray beam particles. Collimators      absorb particles that wander from their intended orbits before      they can impinge on LHC magnets or sensitive detector elements,      while the LHC beam dump system is there to extract the beams      safely in case of need. Any increase in intensity has to be      approved by the LHC machine protection teams, and progress is      incremental. Each increase in intensity, and therefore stored      energy in the machine, is a learning process for the machine      protection teams and only when they are ready do increases in      intensity happen.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;With all eyes      on the amount of data being delivered to the experiments, it      would be easy to overlook some of the pioneering systems that      make the LHC possible. When I asked someone in the CERN Control      Centre last week about the cryogenics, they replied that it’s      working so well they’d almost forgotten it was there. For the      operators of the world’s largest cryogenic installation that’s      quite a compliment. And for anyone wondering whether large-scale      cryogenics may have broader applications, the LHC is proving to      be an interesting test case.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 9pt;"&gt;The same goes      for the vacuum systems. Beam lifetimes of 1000 hours have been      posted, which is truly exceptional for any particle accelerator.      Of course, we don’t keep beams for that long: there are many      reasons why beams are extracted long before they reach their      theoretical lifetimes. So far in the LHC, the longest fill for      physics has been 30 hours, which well exceeds my expectations      for the first months of running.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;     &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;"&gt;     A lot can happen in two months, and we are well on course to      achieving our 2010 objectives for the LHC. The fact that the      LHC’s availability for operation is already over 60% is      testimony to the skills and professionalism of all those who      operate the machine and its supporting infrastructure, and it is      perhaps the one statistic that has made all the others possible.      As I write, we’ve recently completed a rather frustrating      weekend, with a short circuit in a cable terminal of an      electrical cabinet stopping us from running. By Monday morning,      however, we’d recovered and will resume LHC running tomorrow      after a scheduled technical stop. Glitches such as this are a      fact of life in a working lab, and do not detract from the fact      that we have much to be pleased with from these two months.&amp;nbsp; As      the figures I’ve quoted above illustrate, however, we still have      a long way to travel. My congratulations go to all involved with      this great scientific adventure.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;"&gt;source: IPM.ir &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #eeeeee;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-8376386725637552908?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/8376386725637552908/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/06/first-two-months-at-35-tev-per-beam.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8376386725637552908'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8376386725637552908'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/06/first-two-months-at-35-tev-per-beam.html' title='The first two months at 3.5 TeV per beam'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-6398029935916893349</id><published>2010-05-29T20:46:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2010-05-29T20:46:58.185+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><title type='text'>سمينارهاي هندسه</title><content type='html'>با سلام&lt;br /&gt;متأسفانه به دليل عدم استقبال دوستان گرام يدر دانشكده و ساعت بسيار نامناسبي كه در اختيارم قرار دادند سمينارهاي هندسه و نسبيت و ذرات را به زمان ديگري موكول ميكنم. البته تا حدودي مطالبي در 6 جلسه گفته شده كه اگر ادامه پيدا كرد در ادامه ِ مطالب فبلي است.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-6398029935916893349?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/6398029935916893349/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6398029935916893349'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6398029935916893349'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post.html' title='سمينارهاي هندسه'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-227859426940110019</id><published>2010-04-29T18:44:00.001+04:30</published><updated>2010-04-29T18:45:16.746+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><title type='text'>21 April 2010: First reconstructed Beauty Particle</title><content type='html'>&lt;img border="0" height="160" src="http://marwww.in2p3.fr/%7Eoleroy/pro/firstb/firstBplus2JpsiKplus_LargeOverview.jpg" width="320" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://lhcb-public.web.cern.ch/lhcb-public/"&gt;http://lhcb-public.web.cern.ch/lhcb-public/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-227859426940110019?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/227859426940110019/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/04/21-april-2010-first-reconstructed.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/227859426940110019'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/227859426940110019'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/04/21-april-2010-first-reconstructed.html' title='21 April 2010: First reconstructed Beauty Particle'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-6747507446871611001</id><published>2010-04-29T18:35:00.002+04:30</published><updated>2010-04-29T18:39:17.268+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><title type='text'>W boson candidates in 7 TeV Collision Data</title><content type='html'>First W boson candidates recorded by ATLAS in 2010.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/public/EVTDISPLAY/JiveXML_152166_347262.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="240" src="http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/public/EVTDISPLAY/JiveXML_152166_347262.png" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;for more information: click &lt;a href="http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/public/EVTDISPLAY/events.html"&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-6747507446871611001?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/6747507446871611001/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/04/w-boson-candidates-in-7-tev-collision.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6747507446871611001'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6747507446871611001'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/04/w-boson-candidates-in-7-tev-collision.html' title='W boson candidates in 7 TeV Collision Data'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-7801668500742666847</id><published>2010-04-29T18:18:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2010-04-29T18:18:05.735+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><title type='text'>ATLAS Experiment Reports Its First Physics Results from the LHC</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="faq-title"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="datetext"&gt;March 2010&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;table align="right" style="width: 200px;"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;   &lt;td class="imgcaption"&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.atlas.ch/news/images/stories/paper-2010.jpg"&gt;&lt;img alt="" src="http://www.atlas.ch/news/images/stories/paper-2010.jpg" width="250" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;The first physics results from the ATLAS Experiment with proton-proton collisions at an energy of 0.9 TeV in late 2009 have now been accepted for publication in the journal&lt;a href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_2034823345"&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_2034823345"&gt;Physics Letters B&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&amp;amp;_imagekey=B6TVN-4YPT1MF-1-1&amp;amp;_cdi=5539&amp;amp;_user=8442934&amp;amp;_pii=S0370269310003989&amp;amp;_orig=browse&amp;amp;_coverDate=03%2F27%2F2010&amp;amp;_sk=999999999&amp;amp;view=c&amp;amp;wchp=dGLbVlb-zSkWb&amp;amp;md5=19ad22f523b373cba8136404d92a9dcd&amp;amp;ie=/sdarticle.pdf"&gt;. &lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Almost 20 years since the inception of the ATLAS detector, the labors of 3000 scientists along with large numbers of engineers and other support staff have found fruition in the earliest results. These results demonstrate that this mammoth detector (seven stories tall and twice as long) works almost flawlessly. It is a great achievement that a 7000 tonne detector – with 3000 km of cables and close to 100 million channels to be read out – has successfully measured particle tracks with a precision of 0.001 centimeters so quickly. &lt;br /&gt;In later stages, ATLAS will focus on rare events and filter out less interesting events. This first paper reports on results with the “trigger” set to accept almost all events (this setting is called “minimum bias”). The paper reports results for the number of charged particles per collision and its dependence on several variables such as the particles’ momentum perpendicular to the beam. &lt;br /&gt;The results from over 300,000 proton-proton collisions were compared with sophisticated computer simulations and with results from other experiments at the same collision energy. These comparisons demonstrate that the ATLAS detector performs remarkably well even at these early stages of the research. The inner detector of ATLAS (which follows the tracks of the charged particles emerging from the collisions) was key to the measurements. Data from the inner detector matched the simulations excellently. &lt;br /&gt;Tom LeCompte, the Physics Coordinator for ATLAS, commented that: “It's particularly gratifying that our result be published now, on the eve of the LHC beginning its multi-year program of the highest energy collisions in the world. Teamwork was essential in being able to produce a physics result this quickly, especially with a brand new detector as complex as ATLAS.” &lt;br /&gt;This first ATLAS paper with physics results represents a major milestone for the experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. It demonstrates the enormous potential for making major discoveries in the years ahead. &lt;br /&gt;ATLAS spokesperson, Fabiola Gianotti, noted that "This first paper is very special for all of us, as it marks the beginning of a very exciting era of physics results and hopefully great discoveries. I am particularly delighted by the fact that the analysis described in this paper was mainly done by students and young post-docs. We are all very proud of these achievements."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="captiontext" style="color: blue;"&gt;M. Barnett&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-7801668500742666847?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/7801668500742666847/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/04/atlas-experiment-reports-its-first.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/7801668500742666847'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/7801668500742666847'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/04/atlas-experiment-reports-its-first.html' title='ATLAS Experiment Reports Its First Physics Results from the LHC'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-8451749319876451075</id><published>2010-04-29T17:50:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2010-04-29T17:50:41.375+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><title type='text'>Puzzling antimatter</title><content type='html'>&lt;!--HTML--&gt; &lt;div class="articleHeader"&gt;For many years, the absence of antimatter in the Universe has tantalised particle physicists and cosmologists: while the Big Bang should have created equal amounts of matter and antimatter, we do not observe any primordial antimatter today. Where has it gone? The LHC experiments have the potential to unveil natural processes that could hold the key to solving this paradox.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="phlwithcaption"&gt; &lt;div class="imageScale"&gt;&lt;img alt="" height="225" src="http://cdsweb.cern.ch/record/1255394/files/icon-antimat_E%281%29_image.jpg" width="300" /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Every time that matter is created from pure energy, equal amounts of particles and antiparticles are generated. Conversely, when matter and antimatter meet, they annihilate and produce light. Antimatter is produced routinely when cosmic rays hit the Earth's atmosphere, and the annihilations of matter and antimatter are observed during physics experiments in particle accelerators. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;If the Universe contained antimatter regions, we would be able to observe intense fluxes of photons at the boundaries of the matter/antimatter regions. “Experiments measuring the diffuse gamma-ray background in the Universe would be able to observe these light emissions”, confirms Antonio Riotto of CERN's Theory group. “In the absence of such evidence, we can conclude that matter domains are at least the size of the entire visible Universe”, he adds. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;What caused the disappearance of antimatter in favour of matter? “In 1967, the Russian physicist Andrej Sakharov pointed out that forces discriminating between matter and antimatter, called “CP-violating” effects, could have modified the initial matter-antimatter symmetry when deviations from the thermal equilibrium of the Universe occured”, says Antonio Riotto. In the cold Universe today, we can only observe very rare CP-violating effects in which Nature prefers the creation of matter over antimatter. Following their discovery in the decays of K-mesons containing strange quarks, they have now also been observed in the decays of B mesons, which contain bottom quarks. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Today, scientists think that the early Universe might have gone through a transition phase in which the thermodynamic equilibrium was broken, when the density of the Universe was very high and the average temperature was one billion or more times that inside the Sun. "Some physicists think that this might have happened through the formation of ‘bubbles’ which have progressively expanded, thus ‘imposing’ their new equilibrium on the whole pre-existent Universe", explains Antonio Riotto. Whatever the real dynamics of this phase actually were, the important thing is that one particle of matter in every 10 billion survived, while all the others annihilated with the corresponding antiparticles. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;How can the LHC help to solve the mystery? By studying rare decays, experiments can bring us more accurate information about phenomena related to CP-violation involving both known and new particles, such as mesons containing both bottom and strange quarks. Moreover, if new supersymmetric particles are discovered at the LHC, some of the possible scenarios leading to a non-equilibrium phase could find experimental support. "If the LHC finds a Higgs boson with a mass less than about 130 GeV, and if this discovery comes with the detection of a light supersymmetric particle called ‘stop‘, this could be the experimental proof that the non-equilibrium phase happened through the formation of bubbles", concludes Antonio Riotto. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In any case, since the disappearance of primordial antimatter cannot be explained by the current Standard Model theory, it is clear that we have to look for something new. Scientists are exploring different avenues but, given the fact that what we observe represents only about 4% of the total energy and matter that the Universe is made of, one can guess that part of the key to solving the antimatter mystery could be held in the yet unknown part of the Universe. With its very high discovery potential, the LHC will certainly help shed light on the whole issue.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hr /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The LHC is not alone&lt;/strong&gt; in the search for the solution to the antimatter mystery. BaBar at SLAC in the US and BELLE at KEK in Japan have measured decays of B-mesons in detail , and the Tevatron experiments CDF and D0 are also exploring CP-violation effects. Later this year, the AMS (Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer) experiment will be docked to the International Space Station (ISS) and will start looking for evidence of antimatter particles resulting from the decay of dark matter.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="color: blue;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;francesco.poppi&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-8451749319876451075?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/8451749319876451075/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/04/puzzling-antimatter.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8451749319876451075'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8451749319876451075'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/04/puzzling-antimatter.html' title='Puzzling antimatter'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-4063695711628511305</id><published>2010-04-29T17:45:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2010-04-29T17:45:47.523+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><title type='text'>Course on the Physics of Accelerators</title><content type='html'>http://accelerator.ipm.ac.ir/doc/HelmutWiedemann.pdf&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S9mGZXngSCI/AAAAAAAAAMw/YHiKGlUenGk/s1600/Wiedemann.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S9mGZXngSCI/AAAAAAAAAMw/YHiKGlUenGk/s320/Wiedemann.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt; &lt;span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"&gt;     Helmut Wiedemann &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: green; font-family: MS Sans Serif; font-size: 11pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="color: green; font-family: MS Sans Serif; font-size: 11pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;                                         &lt;span style="color: green; font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: x-small;"&gt;             &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt; &lt;span style="color: green; font-family: MS Sans Serif; font-size: 11pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: green; font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: x-small;"&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;                                         &lt;span style="color: darkorange; font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"&gt;       Stanford University, USA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="color: green; font-family: MS Sans Serif; font-size: 11pt;"&gt;                                              &lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt; &lt;span style="color: green; font-family: MS Sans Serif; font-size: 11pt;"&gt;           &lt;span style="color: #666633; font-size: x-small;"&gt;            April 26 - May 19, 2010&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-4063695711628511305?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/4063695711628511305/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/04/course-on-physics-of-accelerators.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4063695711628511305'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4063695711628511305'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/04/course-on-physics-of-accelerators.html' title='Course on the Physics of Accelerators'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S9mGZXngSCI/AAAAAAAAAMw/YHiKGlUenGk/s72-c/Wiedemann.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-8268396902119464041</id><published>2010-04-29T17:44:00.001+04:30</published><updated>2010-04-29T17:44:16.786+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><title type='text'>سخنراني دكتر خلخالي در مورد رفتار فضا در هندسه ناجابه‌جايي</title><content type='html'>http://math.ipm.ac.ir/Monthly_Colloquium/Khalkhali.pdf&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-8268396902119464041?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/8268396902119464041/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/04/blog-post_5845.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8268396902119464041'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8268396902119464041'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/04/blog-post_5845.html' title='سخنراني دكتر خلخالي در مورد رفتار فضا در هندسه ناجابه‌جايي'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-777019035880793203</id><published>2010-04-29T17:38:00.001+04:30</published><updated>2010-04-29T17:39:47.897+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><title type='text'>جلسه‌ي پنجم هندسه ذرات و كيهان‌شناسي</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="color: #0c343d; text-align: right;"&gt;اين جلسه به دليل وقت كم جلسه‌ي قبلي و عدم استقبال دوستان عزيز، به قسمت دم نرسيد كه به جبران آن موضوعات جلسه‌ي پنجم در تاريخ 11 ارديبهشت به آدرس و ساعت مذكو ردر پوستر (پست‌هاي را نگاه كنيد) به قرار زير است:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #0c343d; text-align: right;"&gt;بخش اول:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #0c343d; text-align: right;"&gt;تعريف منيفلد&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #0c343d; text-align: right;"&gt;نكات و مثالهايي در اين زمينه&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #0c343d; text-align: right;"&gt;بخش دوم:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0c343d;"&gt;تقارن گسسته و اعداد كوانتمي و نقض&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0c343d;"&gt;CP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0c343d;"&gt;با سپاس&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0c343d;"&gt;فرهاد ذكاوت&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-777019035880793203?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/777019035880793203/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/04/blog-post_29.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/777019035880793203'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/777019035880793203'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/04/blog-post_29.html' title='جلسه‌ي پنجم هندسه ذرات و كيهان‌شناسي'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-7468451343991377231</id><published>2010-04-19T17:31:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2010-04-19T17:31:02.733+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><title type='text'>جلسه‌ي چهارم هندسه، نسبيت و ذرات</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S8xT_itv5lI/AAAAAAAAAMo/DCOrkPiF8Lg/s1600/geometry-physics2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="320" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S8xT_itv5lI/AAAAAAAAAMo/DCOrkPiF8Lg/s320/geometry-physics2.jpg" width="227" wt="true" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;اين جلسه ساعت 16.50 در كلاس 107 دانشكده‌ي شيمي در همان طبقه‌ي دوم روبروي فيزيك برگزار مي‌شود. &lt;br /&gt;موضوعات:&lt;br /&gt;section one:&lt;br /&gt;linear algebra&lt;br /&gt;Group theory&lt;br /&gt;tensors&lt;br /&gt;......................&lt;br /&gt;section 2:&lt;br /&gt;Diffrentiable Manifolds and tensonrs:&lt;br /&gt;Manifolds&lt;br /&gt;One-forms&lt;br /&gt;Fiber Bundles&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-7468451343991377231?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/7468451343991377231/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/04/blog-post_19.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/7468451343991377231'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/7468451343991377231'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/04/blog-post_19.html' title='جلسه‌ي چهارم هندسه، نسبيت و ذرات'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S8xT_itv5lI/AAAAAAAAAMo/DCOrkPiF8Lg/s72-c/geometry-physics2.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-8759553351591862856</id><published>2010-04-08T18:53:00.001+04:30</published><updated>2010-04-08T18:54:58.473+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><title type='text'>جلسه‌ي دوم هندسه در فيزيك</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;با سلام خدمت دوستان گرامي&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;جلسه‌ي دوم هندسه در فيزيك با موضوع پايه‌هاي هندسه و معرفي توپولوژي شنبه ساعت 5 تا 7 برگزار خواهد شد. با همكاري انجمن فيزيك برآن هستم ساعت سمينارها را به زمان مناسب‌تري تغيير دهم تا دوستان علاقه‌مند بتوانند شركت كنند.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;قابل ذكر است با پيش فرض‌هاي اين جلسه از جلسه‌ي 3 وارد مباحث رياضي‌فيزيك خواهيم شد. لذا دوستان گرامي كه جلسات بعدي خواهند آمد بايد قبلاً با بعضي اصطلاحات آشنا باشند. منابع هر جلسه اعلام مي‌شود.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;با سپاس&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;فرهاد ذكاوت&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-8759553351591862856?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/8759553351591862856/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/04/blog-post.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8759553351591862856'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8759553351591862856'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/04/blog-post.html' title='جلسه‌ي دوم هندسه در فيزيك'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-8889968199842249677</id><published>2010-04-04T13:28:00.003+04:30</published><updated>2010-04-04T13:32:44.056+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><title type='text'>The First LHC Collisions at 7 TeV</title><content type='html'>30 March 2010&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"&gt;CERN has announced that on March 30th it will attempt the first 7 TeV collisions at its Large Hadron Collider (LHC). This very important event, in fact marks, the beginning of LHC's physics programme to test and explore the Standard Model of particle physics, looking for its missing pieces (Higgs boson) or for evidence showing the way for going beyond this model. So far the highest energy achieved in particle collisions has been that of FermiLab accelerator at 1.9 TeV, and a 7 TeV collision by itself constitutes a landmark in the history of high energy experiments. Each of the 3.5 TeV beams were already successfully circulated around the 27 km circumference of LHC on March 19th.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S7hVnvbluCI/AAAAAAAAAMg/q9AFkhGLz1Q/s1600/1003061_110-A5-at-72-dpi.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" nt="true" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S7hVnvbluCI/AAAAAAAAAMg/q9AFkhGLz1Q/s320/1003061_110-A5-at-72-dpi.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Particles and Accelerators department of IPM is one of the 35 institutes around the world which are marking this event by taking part in its live broadcast. The broadcast will take place in the CMS room of IPM's Larak campus through direct connection to CERN. The live broadcast will start at 11 AM local time.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Source: IPM&amp;gt;Cern&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-8889968199842249677?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/8889968199842249677/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/04/first-lhc-collisions-at-7-tev.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8889968199842249677'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8889968199842249677'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/04/first-lhc-collisions-at-7-tev.html' title='The First LHC Collisions at 7 TeV'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S7hVnvbluCI/AAAAAAAAAMg/q9AFkhGLz1Q/s72-c/1003061_110-A5-at-72-dpi.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-6886637074162115797</id><published>2010-04-04T13:27:00.002+04:30</published><updated>2010-04-04T13:27:56.992+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><title type='text'>On the threshold of new territory</title><content type='html'>13 March 2010&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Geneva March 9, The LHC is already over a week into its 2010 run, and the start of physics at 7 TeV is just around the corner. Last week, participants at the annual La Thuile workshop in Italy had the chance to take stock of what lies in store for the LHC’s first physics run. They learned that there’s a great sense of anticipation here at CERN and at particle physics labs around the globe, and for good reason – we’re about to open up the biggest range of potential new discovery that particle physics has seen in over a decade.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Our objective over the next 18 to 24 months is to deliver one inverse femtobarn of data to the experiments. In other words, enough data to make significant advances across a wide range of physics channels.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Take supersymmetry. ATLAS and CMS will each have enough data to significantly extend today’s sensitivity to new discoveries. Experiments today are sensitive to some supersymmetric particles with masses up to about 400 GeV. An inverse femtobarn at the LHC pushes that up to about 800 GeV. This means that in the next two years, the experiments at the LHC will explore as much territory in their quest for SUSY as has been covered in the history of particle physics to date. In other words, the LHC has a real chance over the next two years of discovering supersymmetric particles, possibly elucidating the nature of the dark matter that accounts for about a quarter of the mass and energy of the Universe.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Higgs particle is another example. The last word that CERN had to say on the matter came from LEP almost ten years ago. In the last year of LEP running there were tantalising signs that the Higgs might have made an appearance but all we could say for sure was that the Higgs must have a mass above about 115 GeV. Since then, the Tevatron has done great work towards ruling out some of the mass range that the Higgs could inhabit. With an inverse femtobarn of data from the LHC, the combined analyses of ATLAS and CMS will be able to explore a wide mass range, and there’s even a chance of discovery if the particle has a mass near 160 GeV. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;At the more exotic end of the potential discovery spectrum, LHC experiments will be sensitive to new massive particles that could herald the presence of extra dimensions. Discoveries up to masses of 2 TeV will be possible, whereas today’s reach is around 1 TeV.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;All this makes now a very good time to be a particle physicist, and in particular a student of particle physics. Some 2500 graduate students are eagerly awaiting data from all the LHC experiments, ALICE, ATLAS, CMS, LHCb, LHCf and TOTEM. They’re a privileged group, set to produce the first PhD theses at the new high-energy frontier.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Two years of continuous running is a tall order both for the LHC operators and the experiments, but it will be well worth the effort. By abandoning CERN’s traditional annual operational cycle we’re increasing the overall running time and discovery potential over the next three years. This run will be followed by preparations for 14 TeV collisions in a single shutdown and another major advance into new territory as great as the one we are on the threshold of achieving. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Source: IPM&gt;Cern&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-6886637074162115797?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/6886637074162115797/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/04/on-threshold-of-new-territory.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6886637074162115797'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6886637074162115797'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/04/on-threshold-of-new-territory.html' title='On the threshold of new territory'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-6952893774445895657</id><published>2010-03-14T12:49:00.000+03:30</published><updated>2010-03-14T12:49:09.350+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><title type='text'>كنفرانس ساليانه فيزيك ايران</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S5yp6ZfgaWI/AAAAAAAAAMQ/J32B1S0E0aI/s1600-h/header.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="73" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S5yp6ZfgaWI/AAAAAAAAAMQ/J32B1S0E0aI/s400/header.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;http://www.psi.ir/farsi.asp?page=physics89&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-6952893774445895657?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/6952893774445895657/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/03/blog-post_14.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6952893774445895657'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6952893774445895657'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/03/blog-post_14.html' title='كنفرانس ساليانه فيزيك ايران'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S5yp6ZfgaWI/AAAAAAAAAMQ/J32B1S0E0aI/s72-c/header.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-3761662928486854585</id><published>2010-03-11T13:55:00.003+03:30</published><updated>2010-03-14T12:50:12.987+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><title type='text'>Particles, Geometry and Generl Relativity</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"&gt;&lt;/meta&gt;&lt;meta content="Word.Document" name="ProgId"&gt;&lt;/meta&gt;&lt;meta content="Microsoft Word 12" name="Generator"&gt;&lt;/meta&gt;&lt;meta content="Microsoft Word 12" name="Originator"&gt;&lt;/meta&gt;&lt;link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CAdmin%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml" rel="File-List"&gt;&lt;/link&gt;&lt;link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CAdmin%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_themedata.thmx" rel="themeData"&gt;&lt;/link&gt;&lt;link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CAdmin%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_colorschememapping.xml" rel="colorSchemeMapping"&gt;&lt;/link&gt;    &lt;m:smallfrac m:val="off"&gt;    &lt;m:dispdef&gt;    &lt;m:lmargin m:val="0"&gt;    &lt;m:rmargin m:val="0"&gt;    &lt;m:defjc m:val="centerGroup"&gt;    &lt;m:wrapindent m:val="1440"&gt;    &lt;m:intlim m:val="subSup"&gt;    &lt;m:narylim m:val="undOvr"&gt;   &lt;/m:narylim&gt;&lt;/m:intlim&gt; &lt;/m:wrapindent&gt;&lt;style&gt;&lt;!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face	{font-family:"Cambria Math";	panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;	mso-font-charset:1;	mso-generic-font-family:roman;	mso-font-format:other;	mso-font-pitch:variable;	mso-font-signature:0 0 0 0 0 0;}@font-face	{font-family:Calibri;	panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;	mso-font-charset:0;	mso-generic-font-family:swiss;	mso-font-pitch:variable;	mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1073750139 0 0 159 0;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal	{mso-style-unhide:no;	mso-style-qformat:yes;	mso-style-parent:"";	margin-top:0in;	margin-right:0in;	margin-bottom:10.0pt;	margin-left:0in;	line-height:115%;	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;	font-size:11.0pt;	font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";	mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;	mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;}a:link, span.MsoHyperlink	{mso-style-priority:99;	color:blue;	text-decoration:underline;	text-underline:single;}a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed	{mso-style-noshow:yes;	mso-style-priority:99;	color:purple;	mso-themecolor:followedhyperlink;	text-decoration:underline;	text-underline:single;}.MsoChpDefault	{mso-style-type:export-only;	mso-default-props:yes;	font-size:10.0pt;	mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;	mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;	mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;	mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;	mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;}@page Section1	{size:8.5in 11.0in;	margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in;	mso-header-margin:.5in;	mso-footer-margin:.5in;	mso-paper-source:0;}div.Section1	{page:Section1;}--&gt;&lt;/style&gt;  &lt;/m:defjc&gt;&lt;/m:rmargin&gt;&lt;/m:lmargin&gt;&lt;/m:dispdef&gt;&lt;/m:smallfrac&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S5yqNhB7sxI/AAAAAAAAAMY/35zXs1QkFZI/s1600-h/physics.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S5yqNhB7sxI/AAAAAAAAAMY/35zXs1QkFZI/s320/physics.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span lang="FA" style="font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;"&gt;دوره‌ي هندسه، نسبيت و ذرات بنيادي به صورت هفتگي از شنبه 22 اسفند ماه هر هفته تا خرداد ماه 1389 برگزار مي‌شود. در اين جلسات توپولوژي در هندسه از ابتدا معرفي شده و در حين جلسات با مثالهاي مختلف به مباحث فيزيك خواهيم پرداخت. فايبرباندل-منيفلد- جبر لي و مشتقات لي و ارتباط در نسبيت و نظريه‌ي‌ پيمانه‌اي معرفي مي‌شود. چند جلسه به طور خاص ساختار نسبيت عام خواهد بود و ذرات بنيادي به صورت عام مورد بررسي قرار مي گيرد. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"&gt;&lt;span lang="FA" style="font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;"&gt;جلسات بدون محدوديت بوده و علاقه مندان مي‌توانند در اين جلسات حضور پيدا كنند. ريز مطالب در جلسه‌ي اول و سپس در وبلاگ ذرات به آدرس فوق قرار داده خواهد شد.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;"&gt;&lt;span lang="FA" style="font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="FA" style="font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;"&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-3761662928486854585?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/3761662928486854585/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/03/particles-geometry-and-generl.html#comment-form' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/3761662928486854585'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/3761662928486854585'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/03/particles-geometry-and-generl.html' title='Particles, Geometry and Generl Relativity'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S5yqNhB7sxI/AAAAAAAAAMY/35zXs1QkFZI/s72-c/physics.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-164687482129466968</id><published>2010-03-10T19:47:00.000+03:30</published><updated>2010-03-10T19:47:23.305+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='فرهاد ذكاوت'/><title type='text'>آغاز دوباره و قطعي سمينارهاي هندسه و فيزيك</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;سمينارهاي فيزيك ذرات، توپولوژي و نسبيت عام بزودي از تاريخ 21 اسنفد ماه 1388 به مدت 2 ساعت در هر جلسه تا 11 جلسه ادامه خواهد داشت. اميد از براي دانشجويان و علاقه‌مندان مفيد واقع شود. اين سمينارها توسط خود (فرهاد ذكاوت) ارائه مي‌شود و اميدوارم بتوانيم به شيوه ي فعال، يعني گروهي و مباحثه بحثها را تا پايان پيش ببريم.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S5fFyf1l9AI/AAAAAAAAALY/7stHYDBe2G4/s1600-h/20091008_ftr1_1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S5fFyf1l9AI/AAAAAAAAALY/7stHYDBe2G4/s320/20091008_ftr1_1.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="color: blue;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-164687482129466968?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/164687482129466968/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/03/blog-post.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/164687482129466968'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/164687482129466968'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/03/blog-post.html' title='آغاز دوباره و قطعي سمينارهاي هندسه و فيزيك'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S5fFyf1l9AI/AAAAAAAAALY/7stHYDBe2G4/s72-c/20091008_ftr1_1.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-5689292832776665726</id><published>2010-02-09T16:23:00.000+03:30</published><updated>2010-02-09T16:23:31.774+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>LHC Run in 2010</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Arial;"&gt;Geneva February 3, Last week, the Chamonix workshop  once again proved its worth as a place where all the stakeholders in the LHC can  come together, take difficult decisions and reach a consensus on important  issues for the future of particle physics. The most important decision we  reached last week is to run the LHC for 18 to 24 months at a collision energy of  7 TeV (3.5 TeV per beam). After that, we’ll go into a long shutdown in which  we’ll do all the necessary work to allow us to reach the LHC’s design collision  energy of 14 TeV for the next run. This means that when beams go back into the  LHC later this month, we’ll be entering the longest phase of accelerator  operation in CERN’s history, scheduled to take us into summer or autumn  2011.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Arial;"&gt;What  led us to this conclusion? Firstly, the LHC is unlike any previous CERN machine.  Because it is a cryogenic facility, each run is accompanied by lengthy cool-down  and warm-up phases. For that reason, CERN’s traditional ‘run through summer and  shutdown for ]winter’ operational model had already been brought into question.  Furthermore, we’ve known for some time that work is needed to prepare the LHC  for running at energies significantly higher than the 7 TeV collision energy  we’ve chosen for the first physics run. The latest data show that while we can  run the LHC at 7 TeV without risk to the machine, running it at higher energy  would require more work in the tunnel. These facts led us to a simple choice:  run for a few months now and programme successive short shutdowns to step up in  energy, or run for a long time now and schedule a single long shutdown before  allowing 14 TeV (7 TeV per beam).&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Arial;"&gt;A long  run now is the right decision for the LHC and for the experiments. It gives the  machine people the time necessary to prepare carefully for the work that’s  needed before allowing 14 TeV. And for the experiments, 18 to 24 months will  bring enough data across all the potential discovery areas to firmly establish  the LHC as the world’s foremost facility for high-energy particle  physics.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"&gt;source: IPM&amp;amp;CERN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-5689292832776665726?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/5689292832776665726/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/02/lhc-run-in-2010.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/5689292832776665726'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/5689292832776665726'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/02/lhc-run-in-2010.html' title='LHC Run in 2010'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-3908669954278728398</id><published>2010-01-14T22:07:00.000+03:30</published><updated>2010-01-14T22:07:05.484+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>دکتر فرهاد اردلان به عنوان عضو برجسته انجمن فیزیک امریکا (APS Fellow) در سال ۲۰۰۹ برگزیده شد</title><content type='html'>به نقل از &lt;a href="http://www.psi.ir/html/general/index_f.html"&gt;انجمن فيزيك ايران&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S09kBRroqHI/AAAAAAAAALQ/GB85AJuXKbw/s1600-h/ardalan09.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" ps="true" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S09kBRroqHI/AAAAAAAAALQ/GB85AJuXKbw/s320/ardalan09.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.psi.ir/html/news/news/news2_f.asp?id=102"&gt;http://www.psi.ir/html/news/news/news2_f.asp?id=102&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-3908669954278728398?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/3908669954278728398/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/01/aps-fellow.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/3908669954278728398'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/3908669954278728398'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/01/aps-fellow.html' title='دکتر فرهاد اردلان به عنوان عضو برجسته انجمن فیزیک امریکا (APS Fellow) در سال ۲۰۰۹ برگزیده شد'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S09kBRroqHI/AAAAAAAAALQ/GB85AJuXKbw/s72-c/ardalan09.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-187391073881701896</id><published>2010-01-14T21:59:00.000+03:30</published><updated>2010-01-14T21:59:59.236+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>هفتادمين باشگاه فيزيك: شتاب‌دهنده‌ي LHC</title><content type='html'>جلسه هفتادم &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;زمان: ۵/۱۱/۸۸ &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;مکان: دانشکده فیزیک دانشگاه تهران &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;چكیده:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;بزرگترین آزمایشگاه ذرات بنیادی جهان CERN، در کنار شهر ژنو سویس واقع شده است. این آزمایشگاه نزدیک ۲۰ سال است که شاهد طراحی و ساخت شتابدهنده LHC و آشکار سازهای مربوط به آن می باشد. هدف این شتابدهنده که اواخر سال گذشته میلادی با موفقیت راه اندازی شد و آزمایش های آن شناخت بهتر جهان ذرات بنیادی و بویژه کشف منشا جرم ذرات می باشد. در این سخنرانی با معرفی LHC و آزمایش CMS تعدادی از اهداف فیزیکی آنها مرور میشود. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;براي جزيات بيشتر:‌&lt;a href="http://www.psi.ir/html/general/index_f.html"&gt;كليك كنيد&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-187391073881701896?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/187391073881701896/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/01/lhc.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/187391073881701896'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/187391073881701896'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/01/lhc.html' title='هفتادمين باشگاه فيزيك: شتاب‌دهنده‌ي LHC'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-6893726815697232220</id><published>2010-01-14T21:52:00.001+03:30</published><updated>2010-01-14T21:54:56.606+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>دکتر علیمحمدی، استاد و فیزیک دان برجسته دانشگاه تهران ترور شد</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S09hceJhjYI/AAAAAAAAAK4/HVR03Ae9ypM/s1600-h/225px-Masoud_Alimohammadi.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" ps="true" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S09hceJhjYI/AAAAAAAAAK4/HVR03Ae9ypM/s320/225px-Masoud_Alimohammadi.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;به نقل از &lt;a href="http://www.psi.ir/html/general/index_f.html"&gt;انجمن فيزيك ايران&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;صبح امروز (سه شنبه ۲۲ دیماه) دکتر مسعود علیمحمدی، استاد دانشکده فیزیک دانشگاه تهران در مقابل منزل خود با انفجار بمبی &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;ترور شد. دکتر علیمحمدی از فیزیک دانان برجسته کشور در زمینه فیزیک ذرات بنیادی بودند و کارنامه درخشانی از فعالیت های علمی را دارا میباشند. ایشان اولین فارغ التحصیل دکتری فیزیک از دانشگاه صنعتی شریف بودند. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;اتجمن فیزیک ایران ضمن محکوم کردن این عمل ناجوانمردانه، فقدان ایشان را به خانواده ی ایشان، جامعه فیزیک و کلیه دانشگاهیان کشور تسلیت میگوید.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;--------------------------------------------------------------------&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;بدین وسیله به اطلاع می رساند مراسم تشیع پیکر آقای دکتر مسعود علی محمدی صبح روز پنجشنبه 24 دیماه ساعت 8:30 از منزل ایشان انجام میشود.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;نشانی: تهران، خیابان دکتر شریعتی، بالاتر از پل صدر، خیابان سهیل، کوچه مهر سوم. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;آدرس‌هاي مفيد: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://www.ipm.ac.ir/personalinfo.jsp?PeopleCode=IP9900112"&gt;http://www.ipm.ac.ir/personalinfo.jsp?PeopleCode=IP9900112&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masoud_Alimohammadi"&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masoud_Alimohammadi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-6893726815697232220?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/6893726815697232220/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/01/blog-post.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6893726815697232220'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6893726815697232220'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/01/blog-post.html' title='دکتر علیمحمدی، استاد و فیزیک دان برجسته دانشگاه تهران ترور شد'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S09hceJhjYI/AAAAAAAAAK4/HVR03Ae9ypM/s72-c/225px-Masoud_Alimohammadi.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-2282585376231951730</id><published>2010-01-03T21:16:00.000+03:30</published><updated>2010-01-03T21:16:02.031+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>Generation of Circular Polarization of the CMB</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;a href="http://physics.ipm.ac.ir/seminars/"&gt;Click Here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-2282585376231951730?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/2282585376231951730/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/01/generation-of-circular-polarization-of.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/2282585376231951730'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/2282585376231951730'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/01/generation-of-circular-polarization-of.html' title='Generation of Circular Polarization of the CMB'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-6375887152336295050</id><published>2010-01-03T21:13:00.000+03:30</published><updated>2010-01-03T21:13:40.445+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>New Seminar in Larak</title><content type='html'>Speaker: Professor John Hauptman&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;"6 January 2010"&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;"16 Day 1388"&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S0DXFj8upXI/AAAAAAAAAKw/qO63PL31wAo/s1600-h/John_Hauptman.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" ps="true" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S0DXFj8upXI/AAAAAAAAAKw/qO63PL31wAo/s320/John_Hauptman.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Title: New ideas for big detectors in high energy physics&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: red;"&gt;Abstract:&lt;/span&gt; Three colliders beyond the LHC are being studied, two electron colliders and one muon collider. We are designing a new detector for these colliders based on dual-readout calorimetry by Wigmans, a nearly massless tracking system by Grancagnolo, and an iron-free flux return by Mikhailichenko. I will describe this detector and the physics it can do.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: red;"&gt;Time&lt;/span&gt;: 2:00 PM&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;a href="http://particles.ipm.ir/"&gt;Click Here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-6375887152336295050?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/6375887152336295050/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/01/new-seminar-in-larak.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6375887152336295050'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6375887152336295050'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2010/01/new-seminar-in-larak.html' title='New Seminar in Larak'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/S0DXFj8upXI/AAAAAAAAAKw/qO63PL31wAo/s72-c/John_Hauptman.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-2593086692991387914</id><published>2009-12-30T20:48:00.002+03:30</published><updated>2009-12-30T20:48:49.637+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>LHC ends 2009 run on a high note</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;     &lt;span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;     &lt;span style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Yesterday evening at 18:03, the      LHC ended its first full period of operation in style.      Collisions at 2.36 TeV recorded since last weekend have set a      new world record and brought to a close a successful first run.      The LHC has now been put into standby mode, and will restart in      February 2010 following a short technical stop to prepare for      higher energy collisions and the start of the main research      programme.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;     &lt;span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;     &lt;span style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;A technical stop is needed to      prepare the LHC for higher energy running in 2010. Before the      2009 running period began, all the necessary preparations to run      up to a collision energy of 2.36 TeV had been carried out. To      run at higher energy requires higher electrical currents in the      LHC magnet circuits. This places more exacting demands on the      new machine protection systems, which need to be readied for the      task. Commissioning work for higher energies will be carried out      in January, along with necessary adaptations to the hardware and      software of the protection systems that have come to light      during the 2009 run.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;     &lt;span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;     &lt;span style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The success of the 2009 run is      down to the skill and dedication of every one of you.      Congratulations and thanks to you all.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span class="Regular"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: italic; font-weight: 700;"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: italic; font-weight: 700;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: italic; font-weight: 700;"&gt;     December 2009&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-2593086692991387914?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/2593086692991387914/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/12/lhc-ends-2009-run-on-high-note.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/2593086692991387914'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/2593086692991387914'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/12/lhc-ends-2009-run-on-high-note.html' title='LHC ends 2009 run on a high note'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-2523454952735478138</id><published>2009-12-30T20:45:00.001+03:30</published><updated>2009-12-30T20:47:48.053+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>Basic Noncommutative Geometry</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: small;"&gt;            &lt;span lang="en-gb"&gt;A book by &lt;/span&gt;            Masoud Khalkhali&lt;span lang="en-gb"&gt;             an &lt;/span&gt;Adjunct&lt;span lang="en-gb"&gt;             Professor of IPM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span lang="en-gb"&gt;click &lt;a href="http://www.ems-ph.org/books/book.php?proj_nr=109"&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-2523454952735478138?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/2523454952735478138/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/12/basic-noncommutative-geometry.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/2523454952735478138'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/2523454952735478138'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/12/basic-noncommutative-geometry.html' title='Basic Noncommutative Geometry'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-4658054120430167208</id><published>2009-12-30T20:44:00.000+03:30</published><updated>2009-12-30T20:44:13.911+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>Announcement  Ph.D. Admission</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_1262193155793"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_1262193155793"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="style2" style="text-align: center;"&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_1262193155793"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: MS Sans Serif; font-size: x-small;"&gt;           &lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;Announcement&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_1262193155793"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: MS Sans Serif; font-size: x-small;"&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_1262193155793"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: MS Sans Serif; font-size: x-small;"&gt;           &lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"&gt;            &lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;            &lt;span class="style1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;            &lt;strong&gt;Ph&lt;span lang="en-us"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;D. Admission for 2010, 2011 &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;            &lt;/span&gt;            &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_1262193155793"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: MS Sans Serif; font-size: x-small;"&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: MS Sans Serif; font-size: x-small;"&gt;           &lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;            &lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: x-small;"&gt;             &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://phd.ipm.ir/"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: MS Sans Serif; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In particle physics and computational physics&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-4658054120430167208?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/4658054120430167208/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/12/announcement-phd-admission.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4658054120430167208'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4658054120430167208'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/12/announcement-phd-admission.html' title='Announcement  Ph.D. Admission'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-8027266221186536744</id><published>2009-12-18T22:39:00.000+03:30</published><updated>2009-12-18T22:39:30.903+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>Atom smasher preparing 2010 new science restart</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="hn-byline"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: x-small;"&gt;By ALEXANDER G. HIGGINS (AP)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="hn-date"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;GENEVA — The world's largest atom smasher, which exceeded expectations after its comeback from heavy damage, will be ready to begin a groundbreaking research program in February, the operator said Friday.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;The European Organization for Nuclear Research, or CERN, has shut down the machine for the planned year-end break. In January, there will be preparation to increase the energy used to smash protons into each other far above previous levels in hopes of revealing secrets of matter and the universe.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;The new collisions are expected to shatter the subatomic particles into still smaller fragments and forces than previously achieved on any collider, including the previous record-holder — the Tevatron at Fermilab outside Chicago.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;The new $10 billion machine, which has made a nearly flawless comeback after being heavily damaged during a startup failure a year ago, was built to examine suspected phenomena such as dark matter, antimatter and ultimately the creation of the universe billions of years ago, which many theorize occurred as an explosion known as the Big Bang.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Repairs and refinements costing $40 million are being made to the Large Hadron Collider in a 17-mile (27-kilometer) circular tunnel 300 feet (100 meters) under the Swiss-French border at Geneva.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;"So far, it is all systems go for the LHC," CERN Director-General Rolf Heuer said.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;All of the collider's systems have been tested and more than 1 million proton collisions have provided ample data to the six "experiments" in vast underground rooms so that they can calibrate their huge detectors to work accurately when the research program starts.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;"We could not have asked for a better way to bring 2009 to a close," Heuer said.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Last weekend, two beams of circulating particles traveling in opposite directions at 1.18 trillion electron volts, or TeV, produced around 50,000 collisions. The record-breaking energy reached was about 20 percent higher than the previous record set at Fermilab.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;After the shutdown and further tests and improvements, CERN will ramp up the energy pushing the beams of protons still higher, to 3 1/2 times the highest levels reached in Chicago. The showers of particles created at the level are expected to reveal still more about the makeup of matter.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;The long-term goal, after more modifications, will be to run the proton beams at 7 TeV in each direction.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;The particle beams travel at nearly the speed of light, circling the tunnel in pipes 11,000 times a second until powerful, superconducting magnets force the beams to collide to see what will occur.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;With the vast amount of data coming off the collisions, CERN has organized a grid of computers at research facilities around the world to analyze what is seen, and the system has been working smoothly, said Torsten Akesson, president of the CERN Council, made up of the 20 European nations that run the organization.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;CERN said the operation this year had been carefully prepared in a step-by-step approach to make sure it was safe to go to 1.18 TeV.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Running at higher energy will require higher electrical currents — and further preparation of the protection systems for the collider and its huge superconducting magnets, operating at near absolute zero — colder than outer space — for maximum efficiency.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;"Commissioning work for higher energies will be carried out in January, along with necessary adaptations to the hardware and software of the protection systems that have come to light during the 2009 run," CERN said.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Attention to the smallest detail can prove crucial. The LHC circulated its first beams Sept. 10, 2008, with great fanfare. But the machine was sidetracked nine days later when a badly soldered electrical splice overheated and set off a chain of damage to the magnets and other parts of the collider.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Physicists have used smaller, room-temperature colliders for decades to study the atom. They once thought protons and neutrons were the smallest components of the atom's nucleus, but the colliders showed that they are made of quarks and gluons and that there are other forces and particles.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;More than 8,000 physicists from labs around the world also have work planned for the Large Hadron Collider. The organization is run by its 20 European member nations, with support from other countries, including observers from Japan, India, Russia and the U.S., which have made big contributions.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!-- google_ad_section_end(name=article) --&gt;   &lt;div id="hn-distributor-copyright" style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id="hn-distributor-copyright" style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span&gt;Copyright ©  2009   The Associated Press. All rights reserved. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-8027266221186536744?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/8027266221186536744/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/12/atom-smasher-preparing-2010-new-science.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8027266221186536744'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8027266221186536744'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/12/atom-smasher-preparing-2010-new-science.html' title='Atom smasher preparing 2010 new science restart'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-6948111914766026004</id><published>2009-12-18T22:25:00.001+03:30</published><updated>2009-12-18T22:28:40.715+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>What a machine!</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;After becoming the world’s highest energy particle accelerator, the LHC is now making progress in commissioning stable beams and providing more collisions at the four points for several hours at a time. For the first time, beams have circulated with more than one bunch of protons, thus increasing the intensity.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SyvPfvQzf_I/AAAAAAAAAKo/9GQM3BawepI/s1600-h/0911188_01-A5-at-72-dpi.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SyvPfvQzf_I/AAAAAAAAAKo/9GQM3BawepI/s320/0911188_01-A5-at-72-dpi.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nothing is really ordinary when one operates a prototype: ups and downs are possible, adjustments are certainly necessary and a reasonable amount of time is needed to understand the system’s behaviour. The LHC is no exception. With all its achievements since it was switched on a few weeks ago, it has made the headlines in the world’s press several times. The first beams circulated smoothly, the first low-energy collisions happened very quickly, and the first ramp up to record energy was exceptionally good.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Since then the focus has been on increasing the number of protons in the circulating beams. In the first tests, the operators used a ‘pilot’ beam, containing only one bunch of protons, but on the evening of Friday, 4 December, a beam circulated with more than one proton bunch for the first time. Then, in the early hours of Sunday morning, operators succeeded in circulating four bunches in both directions around the LHC and announced stable beams.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;During the following days, work focussed on making sure that each step towards higher intensities can be safely handled and that stable conditions can be guaranteed during collisions first at 450 GeV and then at 1.18 TeV per beam. On the evening of Tuesday, 8 December, two bunches per beam circulated for the first time at 1.18 TeV for a short period and ATLAS recorded its first collisions at the record energy of 2.36 TeV (centre of mass).&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Over the same period, cryo-experts have intervened a few times to correct some parameters, vacuum experts have quickly repaired some imperfections in the pre-injector chain and operators have injected and dumped the beams to test the behaviour of the various components of the machine and to measure its performance – which is proving to be excellent.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;With four bunches per beam and more protons per bunch, the LHC is providing more and more collisions and all six experiments are recording as much data as possible. During the stable beam periods, they can gather a great deal of useful information about their sub-detectors as well as about the whole chain from collisions to data distribution and analysis. On 28 November, the ALICE collaboration submitted its first paper based on the reconstruction and analysis of the 284 collision events at 450 GeV per beam. The results of the ALICE study are consistent with measurements performed by previous experiments, in particular with those at the SPS when it worked as a proton-antiproton collider with the same beam energy as the LHC in this first phase of commissioning.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Over the final few days before the LHC turns off on 16 December, the operators will continue to increase the beam intensity, delivering further good quantities of collision data to the experiments before Christmas.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;When the LHC starts up again in 2010, the operators will aim at gently increasing the intensity and energy of the beams until the planned 3.5 TeV for each beam is reached, marking the beginning of the physics programme.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;source: &lt;a href="http://cdsweb.cern.ch/journal/CERNBulletin/2009/51/News%20Articles?ln=en"&gt;Cern articles&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-6948111914766026004?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/6948111914766026004/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/12/what-machine.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6948111914766026004'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6948111914766026004'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/12/what-machine.html' title='What a machine!'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SyvPfvQzf_I/AAAAAAAAAKo/9GQM3BawepI/s72-c/0911188_01-A5-at-72-dpi.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-844930310101319396</id><published>2009-12-01T18:53:00.000+03:30</published><updated>2009-12-01T18:53:17.796+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبيرگروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>LHC sets new world record</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;30 November 2009 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SxU0PYD_SII/AAAAAAAAAKQ/oaVq3bcbJS0/s1600/0911205_39-A5-at-72-dpi.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SxU0PYD_SII/AAAAAAAAAKQ/oaVq3bcbJS0/s320/0911205_39-A5-at-72-dpi.jpg" yr="true" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;Geneva, 30 November 2009. CERN’s Large Hadron Collider has today become the world’s highest energy particle accelerator,having accelerated its twin beams of protons to an energy of 1.18 TeV in the early hours of the morning. This exceeds the previous world record of 0.98 TeV, which had been held by the US Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory’s Tevatron collider since 2001.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;It marks another important milestone on the road to first physics at the LHC in 2010. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;“We are still coming to terms with just how smoothly the LHC commissioning is going,” said CERN Director General Rolf Heuer.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;"It is fantastic. However, we are continuing to take it step by step, and there is still a lot to do before we start physics in 2010. I’m keeping my champagne on ice until then.” &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SxU0pwZxMcI/AAAAAAAAAKY/pmU5nv7y878/s1600/0911205_75-A5-at-72-dpi.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SxU0pwZxMcI/AAAAAAAAAKY/pmU5nv7y878/s320/0911205_75-A5-at-72-dpi.jpg" yr="true" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;These developments come just 10 days after the LHC restart, demonstrating the excellent performance of the machine. First beams were injected into the LHC on Friday 20 November. Over the following days, the machine’s operators circulated beams around the ring alternately in one direction and then the other at the injection energy of 450 GeV, gradually increasing the beam lifetime to around 10 hours. On Monday 23 November, two beams circulated together for the &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;first time, and the four big LHC detectors recorded their first collision data. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;Last night’s achievement brings further confirmation that the LHC is progressing smoothly towards the objective of first physics early in 2010.The world record energy was first broken yesterday evening, when beam 1 was accelerated from 450 GeV, reaching 1050 GeV (1.05 TeV) at 21:28, Sunday 29 November. Three hours later both LHC beams were successfully accelerated to 1.18 TeV, at 00:44, 30 November. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;"I was here 20 years ago when we switched on CERN’s last major particle accelerator, LEP,” said Research and Technology Director Steve Myers. “I thought that was a great machine to operate, &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;but this is something else. What took us days or weeks with LEP, we’re doing in hours with the LHC. So far, it all augurs well for a great research programme.” &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SxU01RINxnI/AAAAAAAAAKg/kxe3WItM2H4/s1600/0911205_68-A5-at-72-dpi.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SxU01RINxnI/AAAAAAAAAKg/kxe3WItM2H4/s320/0911205_68-A5-at-72-dpi.jpg" yr="true" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;Next on the schedule is a concentrated commissioning phase aimed at increasing the beam intensity before delivering good quantities of collision data to the experiments before Christmas. So far, all the LHC commissioning work has been carried out with a low intensity pilot beam. Higher intensity is needed to provide meaningful proton-proton collision rates. The current commissioning phase aims to make sure that these higher intensities can be safely handled and that stable conditions can be guaranteed for the experiments during collisions. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;This phase is estimated to take around a week, after which the LHC will be colliding beams for calibration purposes until the end of the year. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;First physics at the LHC is scheduled for the first quarter of 2010, at a collision energy of 7 TeV (3.5 TeV per beam). &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://cdsweb.cern.ch/record/1225474"&gt;Image gallery&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-844930310101319396?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/844930310101319396/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/12/lhc-sets-new-world-record.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/844930310101319396'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/844930310101319396'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/12/lhc-sets-new-world-record.html' title='LHC sets new world record'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SxU0PYD_SII/AAAAAAAAAKQ/oaVq3bcbJS0/s72-c/0911205_39-A5-at-72-dpi.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-4179298765145769966</id><published>2009-12-01T18:39:00.000+03:30</published><updated>2009-12-01T18:39:39.972+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبيرگروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>Cern Positions</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="https://ert.cern.ch/browse_www/wd_pds?p_web_site_id=1&amp;amp;p_web_page_id=5831&amp;amp;p_no_apply=Y&amp;amp;p_show=N"&gt;Cern Students and positions&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-4179298765145769966?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/4179298765145769966/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/12/lhc-latest-news.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4179298765145769966'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4179298765145769966'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/12/lhc-latest-news.html' title='Cern Positions'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-8103378094532641841</id><published>2009-11-11T17:36:00.000+03:30</published><updated>2009-11-11T17:36:19.228+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>جلسه‌ي اول هندسه و فيزيك</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;مباني رياضياتي هندسه &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;«توپولوژي»&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;خلاصه: در اين جلسه تعاريف لازم را براي جلسات بعدي معرفي كرده و برنامه و هدف&amp;nbsp;از بررسي هندسه در فيزيك را بيان مي‌كنيم. توپولوژي موضعي- عام، نگاشت، جبرگروه، عملگرهاي پايه در هندسه، تنسورها. تعاريف بسيار پايه‌اي&amp;nbsp;بوده و تمام دانشجويان در همه‌ي سطوح مي‌توانند استفاده نمايند. جلسات بعدي مطابق ليست متن انگليسي كه در پستهاي قبلي آمده برگزار مي‌شود.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;زمان جلسه متعاقباً اعلام مي‌شود. اين جلسه هفته ي آينده برگزار مي‌شود.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-8103378094532641841?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/8103378094532641841/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/11/blog-post.html#comment-form' title='2 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8103378094532641841'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8103378094532641841'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/11/blog-post.html' title='جلسه‌ي اول هندسه و فيزيك'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-1821824766384801204</id><published>2009-10-28T20:19:00.000+03:30</published><updated>2009-10-28T20:19:26.843+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>هندسه و فيزيك</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;سري سخنراني هاي فيزيك و هندسه&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;فرهاد ذكاوت&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;در اين سري فشرده به دليل محدوديت زماني به موضوعات و اصول هندسه و كاربردهاي هر موضوع در فيزيك مي‌پردازيم. در سخنراني هاي تخصصي نسبيت عام و فيزيك ذرات به كاربردها و ضرورتهاي هندسه و گرايشهاي مختلف در اين حوزه مي‌پردازيم. در صورت تمام نشدن اين سري سخنراني در ترم آتي دانشگاهي،‌ادامه‌ي سخنراني‌ها در ترم آينده قبل از سال جديد برگزار مي‌شود. به دليل فقدان اين بخش در واحدهاي فيزيك دانشجويان ارشد و كاشناسي مي‌توانند از اين سخنراني‌ها استفاده كنند. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;در صورت امكان از فروردين تا اواخر ارديبهشت مباحث پيشرفته و عام در هر دو سطح برگزار مي‌شود.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-1821824766384801204?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/1821824766384801204/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/10/blog-post.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/1821824766384801204'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/1821824766384801204'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/10/blog-post.html' title='هندسه و فيزيك'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-9177761938735862413</id><published>2009-10-28T20:08:00.000+03:30</published><updated>2009-10-28T20:08:05.597+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>introduction to geometry - physics relations (Azad university - Central Tehran Branch)</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Suhy-NFcIPI/AAAAAAAAAKA/rUnZ9D6A4sY/s1600-h/232063-main_Full.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Suhy-NFcIPI/AAAAAAAAAKA/rUnZ9D6A4sY/s320/232063-main_Full.jpg" vr="true" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif;"&gt;As soon as i will anounce there will be an introductory lecture series about geometry and physics relations. subjects are inculded:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times;"&gt;1. Basic mathematics&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times;"&gt;2. Quarks &amp;amp; Leptons&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times;"&gt;3. Differentiable Manifolds &amp;amp; Tensors&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;4. Lie derivatives &amp;amp; Lie Groups&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;5. Differential Forms&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;6. Applications in Physics* (It may be present during each lecture for seeing applications in there)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;7. Connections for Riemannian manifolds &amp;amp; gauge theories&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;8. Curvature&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;9. Einstein's Equation&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;10. Cosmology&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;11. Particle Physics &amp;amp; Cosmology &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;-------------------------------------------------------------------&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;Deffence room: faculty of Science&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;Time: will anounce soon&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;Lecturer: Farhad Zekavat&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;presence is free for everyone who is interested to be familiar with the subject.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;all undergraduates and graduates&amp;nbsp;can&amp;nbsp;be present.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-9177761938735862413?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/9177761938735862413/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/10/introduction-to-geometry-physics.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/9177761938735862413'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/9177761938735862413'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/10/introduction-to-geometry-physics.html' title='introduction to geometry - physics relations (Azad university - Central Tehran Branch)'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Suhy-NFcIPI/AAAAAAAAAKA/rUnZ9D6A4sY/s72-c/232063-main_Full.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-6452172082383729954</id><published>2009-10-08T15:28:00.000+03:30</published><updated>2009-10-08T15:28:33.524+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>The Nobel Prize in Physics 2009</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Ss3T1apXIKI/AAAAAAAAAJ4/FQEy7YHtiE0/s1600-h/medal_physics.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img $r="true" border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Ss3T1apXIKI/AAAAAAAAAJ4/FQEy7YHtiE0/s320/medal_physics.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2009/index.html"&gt;http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2009/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-6452172082383729954?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/6452172082383729954/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/10/nobel-prize-in-physics-2009.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6452172082383729954'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6452172082383729954'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/10/nobel-prize-in-physics-2009.html' title='The Nobel Prize in Physics 2009'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Ss3T1apXIKI/AAAAAAAAAJ4/FQEy7YHtiE0/s72-c/medal_physics.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-3857940415985548497</id><published>2009-09-30T15:49:00.002+03:30</published><updated>2009-09-30T15:49:23.709+03:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>School and Conference on Exotic Nuclei and Nuclear/Particle Astrophysics (III)</title><content type='html'>21 June - 3 July (3=Sat)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;School and Conference on Exotic Nuclei and Nuclear/Particle Astrophysics (III). From Nuclei to Stars (Sinaia - Romania)&lt;br /&gt;Organizer(s): Directors: A. Smirnov, S. Stoica, L. Trache&lt;br /&gt;E-mail: &lt;a href="mailto:smr2180@ictp.it"&gt;smr2180@ictp.it&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-3857940415985548497?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/3857940415985548497/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/school-and-conference-on-exotic-nuclei.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/3857940415985548497'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/3857940415985548497'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/school-and-conference-on-exotic-nuclei.html' title='School and Conference on Exotic Nuclei and Nuclear/Particle Astrophysics (III)'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-7788536661281556134</id><published>2009-09-11T20:42:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2009-09-11T20:42:30.959+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>فراتر از هیگز</title><content type='html'>ادوين كارتليچ&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;ممکن است برخورد دهنده‌ی بزرگ هادرون هیگز بوزون را کشف نکند. به نظر ادوین کارتلیچ (Edwin Cartlidge) این ممکن است چندان هم بد نباشد.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;طی دو سه سال آینده فیزیکدان‌هایی که کارشان طراحی و ساخت برخورد دهنده‌ی بزرگ هادرونی (LHC) در سرن (CERN) بوده منتظرند نتیجه‌ی کارشان را ببینند. آنها معتقدند که برخوردهای پروتون – پروتون بسیار پُرانرژی این ماشین غول‌پیکر TeV 14 (1012×14 الکترون ولت) می‌تواند بوزون هیگز تولید نماید؛ (ذره‌ای که تاکنون دیده نشده و تصور می‌رود که پروژه‌‌ی ذرات جرم‌دار با کشف این ذره تکمیل شود.) با کشف ذره‌ی هیگز دستاورد مدل استاندارد ذرات کامل می‌شود. مدل استاندارد، قالب‌بندی نظری است که ذرات بنیادی مادی و اندرکنش‌های بین آنها را توصیف می‌کند.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;چنین تصوری از ذرات هیگز بخصوص بوسیله‌ی رسانه‌ها مورد توجه قرار گرفته و آن‌را یکی از نتایج پروژه‌ی LHC می‌دانند؛ در حالی که بسیاری از فیزیکدان‌ها اینگونه فکر نمی‌کنند. پیدا شدن این ذره اثبات توان به تحقق رساندن پیش‌بيني‌های مُدل استاندارد بوده و تائیدی است بر هزینه‌ی €6.3 bn این مباحثه دارند چیزهایی بسیار جذاب‌تر است! اکثر ذرات پیش‌بینی نشده و غیرمنتظره‌های دنیای ذرات همین ذرات هستند که فراتر از مُدل استاندارد رفته و ضرورت بودن یا نبودن ذره‌ی هیگز را انتظاری عادی می‌دانند.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;اندرو کوهن (Andrew Cohen) (فیزیکدان ذرات دانشگاه بوستون) می‌گوید: «ندیدن ذره‌ی هیگز فاجعه نیست!» در واقع برایمان جالب است حتی چیزی جالب‌تر را ببینیم، که قبلا ندیده بودیم. بیشتر فیزیکدانان حدس می‌زنند احتمالاً LHC ذره‌ی هیگز را کشف می‌کند ولی بسیاری هم هستند که از کشف شدنش خوشحال می‌شوند.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;شکست تقارن&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;در مدل استاندارد ذره‌ی هیگز توضیح می‌دهد که چگونه 2 نیرو از 4 نیروی طبیعت در انرژی‌های پایین به هم می‌پیوندند و یک ریشه دارند. الکترومغناطیس و نیروی هسته‌ای ضعیف؛ نظریه می‌گوید در ابتدای عالم نیروهای الکترومعناطیسی و ضعیف تقارن زیبایی با هم داشتند ولی دلیل آنها این بود که ذرات حامل این نیروها و ذرات مادی بدون جرم. هیگز باید تقارن الکتروضعیف را می‌شکست و به ذراتی با جرم‌های متفاوت تبدیل شد.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;ولی تا زمانی‌که هیگز بهترین گزینه برای نظریه‌پردازان در علت شکست تقارن الکتروضعیف است، دلیلی ندارد که دنبال دلیل دیگری نگردیم! فیزیکدان‌هایی که در LHC کار می‌کنند فقط دنبال هیگز نیستند، بلکه هدف آنها کشف دلایل دیگری نیز برای شکست تقارن هست.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;مشکلی که درباره‌ی هیگز وجود دارد، حضور آن در مدل استاندارد است که متاسفانه به جملاتی با مقادیر نامتناهی می‌رسد. در فیزیک ذرات به این مشکل «مسأله‌ی هایرارشی (Hierarchy)» می‌گوییم. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;دانشمندان با نظریه‌های متعددی در تلاش برای فائق آمدن بر این مسأله هستند و نکته اینجاست که همگی یک یا چند هیگز بوزون در خود دارند. اَبَرتقارن یکی از معروف‌ترین این نظریه‌هاست و بر آن است که هر ذره در مدل استاندارد با یک ذره‌ی جدید و با «اسپین آماری» متضاد کامل می‌شود.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;و نظریه‌ی دیگری که اخیراً مورد توجه قرار گرفته ابعاد بالاتر فضايي که می‌گوید در مقیاس‌های بسیار کوچک وجود دارد ولی نظریه‌هایی هم هستند که هیگز را در خود ندارند بلکه شامل "technicolour" هستند که وجود یک نیروی جدید را که جرم را با کنش روی ذراتی بنام "technoquark" پیش‌بینی می‌گوید.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;شلدون گلاشو که جایزه‌ی نوبل را با عبدالسلام و استیون واینبرگ به سال 1979 سهیم بود (برای اتحاد الکترومغناطیس و نیروی ضعیف)، می‌گویدکه خوب است فیزیکدان‌ها سال‌ها روی نظریه‌ی درست کار کنند و امیدوار است و باور دارد که LHC ذرات "كاملاً گيج كننده" (Utter confusing) تولید خواهد کرد که آرایه‌ای جدید از ذرات در کنار هیگز قرار خواهند گرفت.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;«من و همکارانم معتقدیم که چند زیبایی که با آن برخورد می‌کنیم غیرقابل انتظار بوده و مدت زمانی برای up and down طول می‌کشد چون در انرژی‌هایی بسیار بالاتر از آنچه امروزه دست یافته‌ایم، کار خواهیم کرد.»&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;اَبَرتقارن برای نظریه‌پردازان دو نكته‌ي مهم و کلیدی جدای از توان حل مسأله Hierarchy دارد. علت اینکه ذرات اَبَرتقارن را می‌توانیم برای «ماده تاریک» مرموز هم به حساب آوریم که فعلاً بر آن هستیم که بیشتر جرم عالم را در خود دارد. دو اینکه نظریه پیش‌بینی می‌کند نیروهای الکترومغناطیس، هسته‌ای قوی و ضعیف در انرژی‌های بالا قدرت (بُرد) یکسانی دارند.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;با این جال اَبَرتقارن پایه‌ی «نظریه‌ی وحدت بزرگ» (GUT) را که یکی از اهداف غایی فیزیکدان‌هاست، شکل می‌دهد.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;سرپرست ارشد سرن، «لوچیانو مایانی» (Luciano Maiani)، در دانشگاه رُم، پیدا شدن هیگز در LHC را احتمالی ضعیف می‌داند و شرط می‌بندد که ذرات اَبَرتقارن هم در شتاب‌دهنده‌ی جدید کشف خواهند شد. وی خاطر نشان می‌کند که نظریه‌ها برای توجیه وجود در الکتروضعیف نیازی به هیگز بوزون‌ها ندارند و در حقیقت بیشتر مُهر تائیدی بر مدل استاندارد هستند.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;ولی همانطور که کوهن خاطر نشان می‌کند، پذیرفته شده كه اَبَر تقارن دلیل بر درست بودن آن نیست. «تائید اَبَرتقارن بسیار جالب خواهد بود، ولی اگر LHC نشان داد که نظریه‌ای باید تدوین می‌شده که تا کنون نشده چقدر هیجان‌انگیز خواهد بود!»&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;سناریوی کابوس&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;یک شانس یا احتمال هم وجود دارد که LHC اصلاً هیچ چیز جدیدي حتی هیگز را هم کشف نکند. اینجاست که فیزیک ذرات دچار چالش شده و مدل استاندارد به بن‌بست رسیده و عملاً از رده خارج می‌شود؛ بالاخص دیگر پروژه‌ی عظیم فیزیک ذرات یعنی برخورد دهنده‌ی چند میلیارد دلاری خطی! این ماشین 30 – 40 کیلومتری طوری طراحی شده که الکترون‌ها و پوزیترون‌ها که در تحقیقات با جزئیات بسیار خوبی آن‌ها را می‌شناسیم و امید به دیدنشان در LHC هم داریم با هم برخورد کنند.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;این سناریوی کشف هیچ چیز برای بیشتر فیزیکدان‌ها یک کابوس است چرا که سرنخ‌هایی پیدا می‌شود که مدل استاندارد از رده خارج شود. ولی LHC غیر از فیزیک ذرات و تمام بودن و نبودن‌هایش می‌تواند مکانیک کوانتومی قطعاً کمک‌های بسیاری خواهد کرد. در پایان قرن 19 بیشتر فیزیکدان‌ها فکر می‌کردند نیاز به نظریه‌ی پیچیده‌تر کلاسیک دارند. ممکن است همین اتفاق الان هم بیفتد. شاید بگویید بدون هیچ‌گونه قاعده‌ی فیزیکی در LHC بخصوص هیگز، حتماً در فیزیک اتفاقات جدید و حتی انقلابی رخ خواهد داد.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;مایانی معتقد است که LHC حداقل به ما نشان خواهد داد که در یک امتحان هیچ نداریم (نقض مدل‌های کنونی) و نیرویی دوباره در فیزیک ذرات خواهيم دید که به دنبال یافته‌های جدیدی باشد. و نشان می‌دهد در حیطه‌ی تجربی کجای کار هستیم.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"&gt;«ممکن است در فیزیک بنیادی، اعم از اخترفیزیک و کیهانشناسی با عدم اطمینان از وجود هیگز بوزون یا حداقل حيطه‌ي TeV بفهمیم که هیچ پیشرفتی نداشته‌ایم.» هیچ راهی نبوده و نیست تا مسأله را درست بررسی کنیم ».&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;منبع: فيزيكس ورلد،2006،فوريه&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Sqp2xCr3FDI/AAAAAAAAAJw/QqpaTkY48sk/s1600-h/Higgs.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" mq="true" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Sqp2xCr3FDI/AAAAAAAAAJw/QqpaTkY48sk/s320/Higgs.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;هيگز &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-7788536661281556134?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/7788536661281556134/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/blog-post_11.html#comment-form' title='2 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/7788536661281556134'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/7788536661281556134'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/blog-post_11.html' title='فراتر از هیگز'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Sqp2xCr3FDI/AAAAAAAAAJw/QqpaTkY48sk/s72-c/Higgs.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-2607452687331848071</id><published>2009-09-07T20:38:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2009-09-07T20:38:15.345+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>ICTP Latin American String School (Sao Paulo - Brazil)</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;29 November - 17 December &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;Organizer(s): Directors: N. Berkovits, V. Rivells, K.S. Narain, S. Randjbar-Daemi&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;E-mail: &lt;a href="mailto:smr2185@ictp.it"&gt;smr2185@ictp.it&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://cdsagenda5.ictp.trieste.it/full_display.php?smr=0&amp;amp;ida=a09188"&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-2607452687331848071?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/2607452687331848071/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/ictp-latin-american-string-school-sao.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/2607452687331848071'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/2607452687331848071'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/ictp-latin-american-string-school-sao.html' title='ICTP Latin American String School (Sao Paulo - Brazil)'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-8448948771554278017</id><published>2009-09-07T20:35:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2009-09-07T20:35:58.171+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>Advanced Regional Workshop on High Performance and Grid Computing</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;1&amp;nbsp;February - 31 May&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;Advanced Regional Workshop on High Performance and Grid Computing: Towards Enabling e-Science in the Region (two weeks in February, May or April) (Tehran - Islamic Republic of Iran)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;Organizer(s): Directors: Reza Asgari, Stefano Cozzini, Shahin Rouhani, Antun Balaz&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;E-mail: &lt;a href="mailto:smr2174@ictp.it"&gt;smr2174@ictp.it&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://cdsagenda5.ictp.trieste.it/full_display.php?smr=0&amp;amp;ida=a09177"&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-8448948771554278017?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/8448948771554278017/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/advanced-regional-workshop-on-high.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8448948771554278017'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8448948771554278017'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/advanced-regional-workshop-on-high.html' title='Advanced Regional Workshop on High Performance and Grid Computing'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-784689844151133375</id><published>2009-09-07T20:31:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2009-09-07T20:31:12.721+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>Spring School on Superstring Theory and Related Topics</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SqUuEqmOPZI/AAAAAAAAAJQ/qZhQP_77lTw/s1600-h/header_events.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" lk="true" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SqUuEqmOPZI/AAAAAAAAAJQ/qZhQP_77lTw/s320/header_events.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: blue;"&gt;22 March - 30 March&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;Organizer(s): Directors: E. Gava, K.S. Narain, S. Randjbar-Daemi, J. de Boer, S. Kachru&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;E-mail: &lt;a href="mailto:smr2134@ictp.it"&gt;smr2134@ictp.it&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://cdsagenda5.ictp.trieste.it/full_display.php?smr=0&amp;amp;ida=a09137"&gt;Click here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-784689844151133375?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/784689844151133375/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/spring-school-on-superstring-theory-and.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/784689844151133375'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/784689844151133375'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/spring-school-on-superstring-theory-and.html' title='Spring School on Superstring Theory and Related Topics'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SqUuEqmOPZI/AAAAAAAAAJQ/qZhQP_77lTw/s72-c/header_events.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-881673360566459626</id><published>2009-09-07T20:27:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2009-09-07T20:27:11.383+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>Gribov-80, Workshop on Quantum Chromodynamics and Beyond</title><content type='html'>Start Time:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;26 May 2010 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ends On:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;28 May 2010&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Location:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: blue;"&gt;Trieste - Italy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Venue:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: blue;"&gt;LB (Euler Lecture Hall)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Organizer(s):&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Directors: &lt;span style="color: blue;"&gt;L. Bertocchi, D. Treleani, Y. Dokshitzer, P. Levai, J. Nyiri&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: blue;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://cdsagenda5.ictp.trieste.it/full_display.php?smr=0&amp;amp;ida=a09149"&gt;Click here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-881673360566459626?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/881673360566459626/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/gribov-80-workshop-on-quantum.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/881673360566459626'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/881673360566459626'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/gribov-80-workshop-on-quantum.html' title='Gribov-80, Workshop on Quantum Chromodynamics and Beyond'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-9148737215362269868</id><published>2009-09-07T20:18:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2009-09-07T20:18:23.940+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>"AdS/CFT correspondence" and "Black hole"</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;"&lt;span style="color: blue;"&gt;AdS/CFT correspondence" and "Black hole"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;Courses given by: Dr. M. Alishahiha and&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;Dr. M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://physics.ipm.ac.ir/news/adscft/AdSCFT.pdf"&gt;Click Here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-9148737215362269868?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/9148737215362269868/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/adscft-correspondence-and-black-hole.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/9148737215362269868'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/9148737215362269868'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/adscft-correspondence-and-black-hole.html' title='&quot;AdS/CFT correspondence&quot; and &quot;Black hole&quot;'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-6309960761498356397</id><published>2009-09-07T20:15:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2009-09-07T20:15:46.304+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>LHC hpes for collisions in christmas</title><content type='html'>براي گرفتن مقاله‌ي انگليسي&lt;a href="http://particles.ipm.ir/news/NATURE%20Article%20on%20LHC;%20%20LHC%20hopes%20for%20collisions%20by%20Christmas.pdf"&gt; اينجا&lt;/a&gt; را كليك كنيد. ترجمه‌ي مقاله بزودي در اين وبلاگ قرار مي‌گيرد.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-6309960761498356397?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/6309960761498356397/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/lhc-hpes-for-collisions-in-christmas.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6309960761498356397'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6309960761498356397'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/lhc-hpes-for-collisions-in-christmas.html' title='LHC hpes for collisions in christmas'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-3908323164249215238</id><published>2009-09-07T15:54:00.001+04:30</published><updated>2009-09-07T15:55:19.898+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>جلسه‌ي ذرات بنيادي</title><content type='html'>دوستان گرامي در گروه فيزيك ذرات بنيادي لطفاً جهت هماهنگي جلسه‌ي دانشجويي و بحث در مورد واحدها و پايان‌نامه‌ها همكاري نمايند. &lt;br /&gt;تاريخ پيشنهادي را دوشنبه‌ي هفته‌ي آينده در دانشگاه انجمن فيزيك قرار مي‌دهيم. ساعت و يا روز براساس حضور اساتيد و مدير گروه مي توانيم جلسه را به تاريخ و ساعت معيني انتقال دهيم. لطفاً نظر خودتان در بخش توضيح پايين همين بلاگ اعلام نماييد.&lt;br /&gt;با تشكر&lt;br /&gt;ذكاوت&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-3908323164249215238?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/3908323164249215238/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/blog-post_07.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/3908323164249215238'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/3908323164249215238'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/blog-post_07.html' title='جلسه‌ي ذرات بنيادي'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-7667560727116623084</id><published>2009-09-06T20:55:00.001+04:30</published><updated>2009-09-06T21:00:09.777+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>Richard Philips Feynman's books</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SqPjHzkz1GI/AAAAAAAAAJI/94tm456aGxA/s1600-h/feynman2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" lk="true" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SqPjHzkz1GI/AAAAAAAAAJI/94tm456aGxA/s320/feynman2.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Feynman, Richard P. (1970), &lt;span style="color: blue;"&gt;The Feynman Lectures on Physics&lt;/span&gt;: The Definitive and Extended Edition, 3 volumes (2nd ed.), Addison Wesley (published 2005, originally published as separate volumes in 1964 and 1966), ISBN 0-8053-9045-6 . Includes Feynman’s Tips on Physics (with Michael Gottlieb and Ralph Leighton), which includes four previously unreleased lectures on problem solving, exercises by Robert Leighton and Rochus Vogt, and a historical essay by Matthew Sands. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Feynman, Richard P. (1961), &lt;span style="color: blue;"&gt;Theory of Fundamental Processes&lt;/span&gt;, Addison Wesley, ISBN 0-8053-2507-7 . &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Feynman, Richard P. (1962), &lt;span style="color: blue;"&gt;Quantum Electrodynamics&lt;/span&gt;, Addison Wesley, ISBN 978-0805325010 . &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Feynman, Richard P.; Hibbs, Albert (1965), &lt;span style="color: blue;"&gt;Quantum Mechanics and Path Integrals&lt;/span&gt;, McGraw Hill, ISBN 0-07-020650-3 . &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Feynman, Richard P. (1967), &lt;span style="color: blue;"&gt;The Character of Physical Law: The 1964 Messenger Lectures&lt;/span&gt;, MIT Press, ISBN 0-262-56003-8 . &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Feynman, Richard P. (1981), &lt;span style="color: blue;"&gt;Statistical Mechanics: A Set of Lectures&lt;/span&gt;, Addison Wesley, ISBN 0-8053-2509-3 . &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Feynman, Richard P. (1985b), &lt;span style="color: blue;"&gt;QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter&lt;/span&gt;, Princeton University Press, ISBN 0691024170 . &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Feynman, Richard P. (1987), &lt;span style="color: blue;"&gt;Elementary Particles and the Laws of Physics: The 1986 Dirac Memorial Lectures&lt;/span&gt;, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-34000-4 . &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Feynman, Richard P. (1995), Brian Hatfield, ed., &lt;span style="color: blue;"&gt;Lectures on Gravitation&lt;/span&gt;, Addison Wesley Longman, ISBN 0-201-62734-5 . &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Feynman, Richard P. (1997), &lt;span style="color: blue;"&gt;Feynman's Lost Lecture: The Motion of Planets Around the Sun&lt;/span&gt; (Vintage Press ed.), London: Vintage, ISBN 0099736217 . &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Feynman, Richard P. (2000), Tony Hey and Robin W. Allen, ed.,&lt;span style="color: blue;"&gt; Feynman Lectures on Computation&lt;/span&gt;, Perseus Books Group, ISBN 0738202967&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-7667560727116623084?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/7667560727116623084/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/richard-philips-feynmans-books.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/7667560727116623084'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/7667560727116623084'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/richard-philips-feynmans-books.html' title='Richard Philips Feynman&apos;s books'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SqPjHzkz1GI/AAAAAAAAAJI/94tm456aGxA/s72-c/feynman2.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-9028157652351333787</id><published>2009-09-04T21:13:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2009-09-04T21:13:11.318+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>Arxive.org/hepg</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://arxiv.org/list/hep-th/recent"&gt;http://arxiv.org/list/hep-th/recent&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://arxiv.org/archive/hep-ph"&gt;http://arxiv.org/archive/hep-ph&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://arxiv.org/archive/hep-lat"&gt;http://arxiv.org/archive/hep-lat&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://arxiv.org/archive/hep-ex"&gt;http://arxiv.org/archive/hep-ex&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://arxiv.org/archive/gr-qc"&gt;http://arxiv.org/archive/gr-qc&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://arxiv.org/archive/math-ph"&gt;http://arxiv.org/archive/math-ph&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;اين لينكها از سايت معروف دانشگاه كورنل است كه مي‌توانيد به مقالات روزي كه البته بسياري از آنها هنوز توسط ويراستاران ژورنالها تأييد نشده‌اند دست پيدا كنيد. اين به شما كمك مي‌كند تا از پژوهشهاي روز البته فقط بخش كوچكي از آن خبر داشته باشيدو در اين سايت برخي از مقالات قبل از چاپ گذاشته مي‌شوند. و برخي چاپ شده.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-9028157652351333787?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/9028157652351333787/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/arxiveorghepg.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/9028157652351333787'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/9028157652351333787'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/arxiveorghepg.html' title='Arxive.org/hepg'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-8960135084064125367</id><published>2009-09-01T02:16:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2009-09-01T02:16:26.205+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>ريچارد فاينمن</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SpxElrrrp_I/AAAAAAAAAJA/POqTt8awe1E/s1600-h/Feynman_and_Oppenheimer_at_Los_Alamos.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" lk="true" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SpxElrrrp_I/AAAAAAAAAJA/POqTt8awe1E/s320/Feynman_and_Oppenheimer_at_Los_Alamos.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Feynman"&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Feynman&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;در اين مجال كوتاه به چند اثر ريچارد فاينمن مي‌پردازيم كه به زبان فارسي در آمده است. در لينك بالا مي‌توانيد لينكها و زندگي‌نامه‌ي فاينمن را مطالعه كنيد. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1. ماجراجويي‌هاي فيزيكدان قرن 20 كه قبلاً هم معرفي كرديم. ترجمه‌اي بسيار خوب از كتاب حتماً شوخي ميكنيد آقاي فاينمن!&amp;nbsp; بخشي از خاطرات فاينمن از زبان رالف ليگتون كه صرفا با دوستي با وي كمي شهرت بين اهل كتاب و نه فيزيكي‌ها پيدا كرد.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2. شش قطعه‌ي ساده در فيزيك، ترجمه‌ي محمد رضا بهاري. و باز هم ترجمه‌اي مطلوب از كتابي با همين نام. &lt;br /&gt;3. QED نظريه‌ي عجيب نور و ماده. كه انجمن فيزيك ايران و يك ترجمه نيز دانشگاه شريف از آن داشته است. &lt;br /&gt;يك كتاب ديگر كه البته فقط يكي از 150 سخنراني وي بوده نيز چاپ شده است.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-8960135084064125367?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/8960135084064125367/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/blog-post.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8960135084064125367'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8960135084064125367'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/09/blog-post.html' title='ريچارد فاينمن'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SpxElrrrp_I/AAAAAAAAAJA/POqTt8awe1E/s72-c/Feynman_and_Oppenheimer_at_Los_Alamos.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-4946216337920042333</id><published>2009-08-24T22:29:00.003+04:30</published><updated>2009-08-24T22:30:57.491+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>لينكهاي مفيد</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.symmetrymagazine.org/"&gt;http://www.symmetrymagazine.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ipm.ir/"&gt;http://www.ipm.ir/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.psi.ir/"&gt;http://www.psi.ir/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://hands-on-cern.physto.se/hoc_v21en/index.html"&gt;http://hands-on-cern.physto.se/hoc_v21en/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://cerncourier.com/"&gt;http://cerncourier.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.particlephysics.ac.uk/"&gt;http://www.particlephysics.ac.uk/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.fnal.gov/"&gt;http://www.fnal.gov/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.particleadventure.org/"&gt;http://www.particleadventure.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_physics"&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_physics&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://pdg.lbl.gov/"&gt;http://pdg.lbl.gov/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.hep.man.ac.uk/"&gt;http://www.hep.man.ac.uk/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.slac.stanford.edu/library/pdg/"&gt;http://www.slac.stanford.edu/library/pdg/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.cern.ch/"&gt;http://www.cern.ch/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.iop.org/EJ/journal/JPhysG"&gt;http://www.iop.org/EJ/journal/JPhysG&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0b5394;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.theory.caltech.edu/"&gt;http://www.theory.caltech.edu/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-4946216337920042333?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/4946216337920042333/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/httpwww.html#comment-form' title='7 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4946216337920042333'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4946216337920042333'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/httpwww.html' title='لينكهاي مفيد'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>7</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-8735541334996914955</id><published>2009-08-24T21:27:00.004+04:30</published><updated>2009-08-24T22:08:42.203+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>برنامه‌ي ترم مهر 1388</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #000066; font-size: 130%;"&gt;&lt;em&gt;قابل توجه دانشجويان ذرات بنيادي و نجوم دانشكده‌ي علوم پايه‌ي تهران مركز&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="color: #000066; font-size: 130%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #003300;"&gt;برنامه‌ي گروه ذرات بنيادي در ترم مهر 1388 به قرار زير است:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #003300;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #003300;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #003300;"&gt;كد: 1739875 ذرات بنيادي پيشرفته‌ي 1، دكتر مهربان، 1شنبه‌ها ساعت 13:00 الي 15:25 (روز امتحان 1/11/88&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: #003300;"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #003300;"&gt;كد: 1760017 موضوعات ويژه، دكتر مهربان، 1 شنبه‌ها، ساعت 9:55الي 12:20 (8/11/88)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #003300;"&gt;كد: 1739888 سمينار.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #003300;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #003300;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #003300;"&gt;قابل توجه است كه بالاخره نامه‌نگاري و فشار بچه‌هاي گروه ذرات بنيادي در مرحله‌ي اول نتيجه داده و موضوعات ويژه كه هنوز مشخص نيست گروه لي و جبر است يا نظريه‌ي ميدان‌هاي كوانتمي1 ارائه شده است.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #003300;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #003300;"&gt;بقيه‌ي دروس ويژه‌ي دانشجويان ترم بهمن شامل دروس الكتروديناميك1-آماري پيشرفته 1-كوانتم پيشرفته‌ي 2 مي‌باشد. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #003300;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #003300;"&gt;كد: 1739879 آماري پيشرفته1، خانم كيمياگر، شنبه‌ها، 7:30 الي 9:55/ خانم كيمياگر، شنبه‌ها، 9:55الي 12:20/ ابراهيم زاده 4شنبه‌ها، 13:00الي15:25/ 5شنبه‌ها، 13:00الي 15:25&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #003300;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #003300;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #003300;"&gt;برنامه‌ي درسي دوستان نجوم:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;گرانش 2: شنبه‌‌ها، محسن زاده، &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;مكانيك كلاسيك: شنبه‌‌ها، جليليان&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;سمينار&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;الكتروديناميك1: دورانيان، چهارشنبه‌ها / رئيس‌علي، چهارشنبه‌ها&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;لازم به ذكر است ثبت‌نام از تاريخ 17 شهريور شروع و تا 29 شهريور ادامه خواهد داشت.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-8735541334996914955?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/8735541334996914955/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/1388.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8735541334996914955'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8735541334996914955'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/1388.html' title='برنامه‌ي ترم مهر 1388'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-698800577681020586</id><published>2009-08-11T22:20:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2009-08-11T22:20:00.226+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>School On Astroparticle Physics (In German)</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Sn8MurOlf2I/AAAAAAAAAIw/Bb3UvEkJmwE/s1600-h/ecap.jpg"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5368023276866338658" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 107px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Sn8MurOlf2I/AAAAAAAAAIw/Bb3UvEkJmwE/s320/ecap.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;07 Oct 2009 → 15 Oct 2009; Obertrubach-Baernfels, Germany&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.astroteilchenschule.physik.uni-erlangen.de/schule2009/"&gt;http://www.astroteilchenschule.physik.uni-erlangen.de/schule2009/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-698800577681020586?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/698800577681020586/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/school-on-astroparticle-physics-in.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/698800577681020586'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/698800577681020586'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/school-on-astroparticle-physics-in.html' title='School On Astroparticle Physics (In German)'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Sn8MurOlf2I/AAAAAAAAAIw/Bb3UvEkJmwE/s72-c/ecap.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-5150234709417395839</id><published>2009-08-11T22:18:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2009-08-11T22:18:00.071+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>[ID=267542]TCADS-1 — 1st International Workshop on Technology and Components of Accelerator Driven Systems</title><content type='html'>15 Mar 2010 → 17 Mar 2010; Karlsruhe, Germany&lt;br /&gt;organizer: Karslruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Eurotrans&lt;br /&gt;topics: Specific aspects for the ADS accelerators: Continuous mode and operational control; Reliabilities and fail safety; High beam power and low losses; Safety systems. Neutron sources: Current and future intense neutron sources; Spallation and non-spallation targets; Design concepts and required technologies (e.g. coolant, materials, performance, instrumentation, etc); Operational characteristics and related technical issues (e.g. window/windowless, solid/liquid, interface between accelerator and target, etc). Sub-critical systems: Design concepts and performance parameters (e.g. transmutation, energy production, etc); ADS fuel/target design options; Sub-critical reactor physics (e.g. reactivity monitoring, etc); Materials, coolant technology and thermal-hydraulics Unique ADS auxiliary systems (e.g. target replacement, refuelling machine, etc); Related safety issues. Current ADS experiments and test facilities: Low power coupling experiments; Zero power physics simulators.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nea.fr/html/science/wpfc/tcads/1st/"&gt;http://www.nea.fr/html/science/wpfc/tcads/1st/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-5150234709417395839?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/5150234709417395839/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/id267542tcads-1-1st-international.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/5150234709417395839'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/5150234709417395839'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/id267542tcads-1-1st-international.html' title='[ID=267542]TCADS-1 — 1st International Workshop on Technology and Components of Accelerator Driven Systems'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-2534492579209187872</id><published>2009-08-11T22:17:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2009-08-11T22:17:00.594+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>JUAS 2010 — Joint Universities Accelerator School: Two Courses on Particle Accelerators</title><content type='html'>04 Jan 2010 → 12 Mar 2010; Archamps, France&lt;br /&gt;organizer: CEA; CERN; CIEMAT; DESY; ESRF; GSI; IN2P3; PSI; SOLEIL&lt;br /&gt;topics: Accelerator physics: Introduction to accelerators, Revision of relativity and electro-magnetism, Charged particle optics, Transverse beam dynamics, Longitudinal beam dynamics, Linear imperfections and non-linear resonances, Linear accelerators, Space charge and instabilities, Injection and extraction, Cyclotrons, Synchrotron radiation, Summing up in a mini-workshop. Technologies and applications: Introduction to accelerators and components, Radio-frequency engineering, Vacuum systems, Design of accelerator magnets, Superconducting magnets, Superconducting RF cavities, Beam instrumentation, Particle sources, Accelerator controls, Radiation and safety&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-2534492579209187872?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/2534492579209187872/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/juas-2010-joint-universities.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/2534492579209187872'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/2534492579209187872'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/juas-2010-joint-universities.html' title='JUAS 2010 — Joint Universities Accelerator School: Two Courses on Particle Accelerators'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-6496809416975375434</id><published>2009-08-09T22:42:00.001+04:30</published><updated>2009-08-09T22:45:08.228+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>Title: SUSY &amp; R-parity</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color:#3366ff;"&gt;Saereh Najjari&lt;/span&gt;, Tafresh University&lt;br /&gt;August 16, 2009 Place: Farmanieh Seminar Room&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color:#3333ff;"&gt;Abstract:&lt;/span&gt; In this talk, I will review the Hierachy problem and how supersymmetry solves this problem. I then review R-parity and phenomenological consequences. Then I discuss R-parity violation.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;14:00-15:00&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-6496809416975375434?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/6496809416975375434/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/title-susy-r-parity.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6496809416975375434'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6496809416975375434'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/title-susy-r-parity.html' title='Title: SUSY &amp; R-parity'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-3400723189328480197</id><published>2009-08-09T22:38:00.002+04:30</published><updated>2009-08-09T22:42:03.038+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>IPM School on Early Universe Cosmology (IEUC09)</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://physics.ipm.ac.ir/conferences/ieuc/"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5368028080153213858" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 243px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 320px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Sn8RGQ3au6I/AAAAAAAAAI4/TGURqhz_jBg/s320/cosmo09.JPG" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt; Inflationary cosmology has emerged as the leading candidate for explainingthe recent observational data. The IPM School on Early Universe Cosmology isintended to provide background knowledge for advanced PhD students andresearchers who would like to work in the field and covers various aspectsof inflationary cosmology and related ideas.The topics which will be covered in the School include:&lt;br /&gt;Review of basics of inflation&lt;br /&gt;Models of preheating and reheating&lt;br /&gt;Inflation from string theory&lt;br /&gt;Inflation from particle physics scenarios beyond the Standard Model&lt;br /&gt;Alternative to Inflation&lt;br /&gt;The School is organized in a series of 3-4 lectures on each topic by prominent physicists of the fields.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style="color:#3333ff;"&gt;Click on the Poter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-3400723189328480197?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/3400723189328480197/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/ipm-school-on-early-universe-cosmology.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/3400723189328480197'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/3400723189328480197'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/ipm-school-on-early-universe-cosmology.html' title='IPM School on Early Universe Cosmology (IEUC09)'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Sn8RGQ3au6I/AAAAAAAAAI4/TGURqhz_jBg/s72-c/cosmo09.JPG' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-4670847964795897996</id><published>2009-08-09T22:35:00.002+04:30</published><updated>2009-08-09T22:35:35.486+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>خبرنامه ذرات-3</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://one.xthost.info/central/khabarname4/zarat4.pdf"&gt;http://one.xthost.info/central/khabarname4/zarat4.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-4670847964795897996?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/4670847964795897996/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/3.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4670847964795897996'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4670847964795897996'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/3.html' title='خبرنامه ذرات-3'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-2653574011557634767</id><published>2009-08-09T22:23:00.003+04:30</published><updated>2009-08-09T22:29:46.358+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>اخبار کنفرانسهای بین المللی</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#3333ff;"&gt;دوباره مانند قبل کنفرانسهای ماه های آخر سال میلادی و سال بعد میلادی را به روز می کنیم. طی روزهای آینده تعدادی دیگر از این کنفرانسها، مدرسه های ذرات و کیهان شناسی و اخترفیزیک ذرات را خواهید دید. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-2653574011557634767?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/2653574011557634767/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/blog-post_09.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/2653574011557634767'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/2653574011557634767'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/blog-post_09.html' title='اخبار کنفرانسهای بین المللی'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-1562754957858975206</id><published>2009-08-09T22:15:00.002+04:30</published><updated>2009-08-09T22:16:25.181+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>3rd International Workshop on High Energy Physics in the LHC Era</title><content type='html'>04 Jan 2010 → 08 Jan 2010; Valparaiso, Chile&lt;br /&gt;abstract: It will include both theoretical and experimental issues. Particular emphasis will be placed on the forthcoming experiments at LHC and the related theory. However, presentations of physics results from other accelerator facilities, such as the Tevatron, RHIC, SLAC, HERA, JLAB, and non-accelerator based experiments are strongly encouraged. Theory talks are expected to cover and go beyond the scope of the physics from these facilities.&lt;br /&gt;topics: high-energy particle and nuclear physics: the Standard Model and beyond; High Energy QCD and Higgs searches, Heavy Ion Collisions; Phenomenology of AdS/CFT; Astroparticles; Cosmic Rays; Instrumentation for HEP experiments&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.fis.utfsm.cl/hep2010/"&gt;http://www.fis.utfsm.cl/hep2010/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-1562754957858975206?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/1562754957858975206/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/3rd-international-workshop-on-high.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/1562754957858975206'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/1562754957858975206'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/3rd-international-workshop-on-high.html' title='3rd International Workshop on High Energy Physics in the LHC Era'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-828623034511834282</id><published>2009-08-09T22:15:00.001+04:30</published><updated>2009-08-09T22:15:36.769+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>PANDA Collaboration Meeting</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www-panda.gsi.de/auto/_home.htm"&gt;http://www-panda.gsi.de/auto/_home.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;07 Dec 2009 → 11 Dec 2009; Darmstadt, Germany&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-828623034511834282?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/828623034511834282/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/panda-collaboration-meeting.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/828623034511834282'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/828623034511834282'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/panda-collaboration-meeting.html' title='PANDA Collaboration Meeting'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-5765715018143557153</id><published>2009-08-09T22:12:00.001+04:30</published><updated>2009-08-09T22:13:45.336+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>BEYOND 2010 — 5th International Conference on Beyond the Standard Models of Particle Physics, Cosmology and Astrophysics</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#3333ff;"&gt;BEYOND 2010 — 5th International Conference on Beyond the Standard Models of Particle Physics, Cosmology and Astrophysics&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color:#3333ff;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;01 Feb 2010 → 06 Feb 2010; Cape Town, South Africa&lt;br /&gt;topics: SUSY/SUGRA phenomenology, g-2 status. Search for Higgs and SUSY particles at colliders and underground laboratories. Search for proton decay, magnetic monopoles and antimatter. Status and explanations of the PAMELA/ATIC anomaly. Phenomenology of superstrings and Planck scale physics. Inflationary and quantum cosmology. Leptogenesis and baryogenesis. Baryonic matter at high and low densities and temperatures, Quark-gluon and chiral restoration phase transitions. Phase transitions in neutron stars. Cosmological parameters from nucleosynthesis, CMB, Lya forest, large-scale structure and distant supernovae Ia. Dark energy, baryonic and dark matter in galaxies, clusters of galaxies, filaments and voids. Variability of the fundamental constants in observations and theory. Neutrino masses and mixing parameters from solar, atmospheric, supernova, reactor and accelerator neutrinos. Neutrino data expected from a future supernova at 10 kpc distance. Status of double ß-decay. Relic neutrinos from ancient supernovae and big bang. Seesaw mechanism and the ?MSM. Search for sterile neutrino decays in the X-ray background and galaxies, and in hadronic decay modes at accelerators. Sterile neutrinos and pulsar kicks. The mystery of the earliest quasars and the formation of supermassive black holes from baryonic and dark matter. Helioseismology and dark matter in the sun. Supernovae Ic, coalescing neutron stars/black holes and gamma-ray bursts. High-energy cosmic rays and GZK effect. Synthesis of heavy and superheavy elements in supernovae and in the laboratory. Fundamental symmetries and their violations CP, T and CPT violations predicted and observed in the lepton and quark sectors. Lorentz invariance and equivalence principle. Tests of General Relativity: binary pulsars/black holes and gravitational waves.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.phy.uct.ac.za/beyond2010/"&gt;http://www.phy.uct.ac.za/beyond2010/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-5765715018143557153?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/5765715018143557153/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/beyond-2010-5th-international.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/5765715018143557153'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/5765715018143557153'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/beyond-2010-5th-international.html' title='BEYOND 2010 — 5th International Conference on Beyond the Standard Models of Particle Physics, Cosmology and Astrophysics'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-306823270234884042</id><published>2009-08-09T22:09:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2009-08-09T22:11:15.538+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>school &amp; conference on Exotic Nuclei...</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://cdsagenda5.ictp.trieste.it/full_display.php?smr=0&amp;amp;ida=a09183"&gt;21 June - 3 July (3=Sat)School and Conference on Exotic Nuclei and Nuclear/Particle Astrophysics (III). From Nuclei to Stars (Sinaia - Romania)Organizer(s): Directors: A. Smirnov, S. Stoica, L. Trache&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;کلیک کنید&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-306823270234884042?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/306823270234884042/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/school-conference-on-exotic-nuclei.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/306823270234884042'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/306823270234884042'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/school-conference-on-exotic-nuclei.html' title='school &amp; conference on Exotic Nuclei...'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-6032830508049838673</id><published>2009-08-09T22:07:00.001+04:30</published><updated>2009-08-09T22:08:33.197+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>ICTP 2010 summer school on Cosmology</title><content type='html'>19 July - 30 July Summer School in CosmologyOrganizer(s): Directors: P.Creminelli, M. Viel, U. Seljak&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-6032830508049838673?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/6032830508049838673/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/ictp-2010-summer-school-on-cosmology.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6032830508049838673'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6032830508049838673'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/ictp-2010-summer-school-on-cosmology.html' title='ICTP 2010 summer school on Cosmology'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-7420735129995129186</id><published>2009-08-09T22:05:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2009-08-09T22:06:46.044+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>ICTP 2010 workshop on Quarks &amp; Leptons</title><content type='html'>26 May - 28 May International Workshop: Gribov 80, Memorial Workshop on Quarks, Hadrons and Strong InteractionsOrganizer(s): Directors: L. Bertocchi ,D. Treleani, Y. Dokshitzer, P. Levai, J. Nyiri&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It is not arregnged. I will add complemetary comments&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-7420735129995129186?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/7420735129995129186/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/ictp-2010-workshop-on-quarks-leptons.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/7420735129995129186'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/7420735129995129186'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/ictp-2010-workshop-on-quarks-leptons.html' title='ICTP 2010 workshop on Quarks &amp; Leptons'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-4031395655771589516</id><published>2009-08-09T21:58:00.002+04:30</published><updated>2009-08-09T22:05:07.522+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>وضعیت نامشخص گروه ذرات بنیادی تهران مرکز</title><content type='html'>مسأله خیلی ساده است. گروه فیزیک با وجودیکه از دو سال پیش ذرات بنیادی گرفته هنوز نمی دونه و نمی خواد بدونه که اصلاً در این گرایش چه دروسی باید تدری بشه. مکانیک کلاسیک جای ذرات پیشرفته و موضوعات ویژه ی نامعلوم جای میدان های کوانتمی. و پیگریها و اعتراضهای بچه های گروه ذرات که فایده نداشت. ما استاد نداریم. یک نفر دکتر مهربان  دروس پایه رو درس میدن و ذرات مقدماتی و پیشرفته که ادامه ی مقدماتیه.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-4031395655771589516?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/4031395655771589516/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/blog-post.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4031395655771589516'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4031395655771589516'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/08/blog-post.html' title='وضعیت نامشخص گروه ذرات بنیادی تهران مرکز'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-5564649447809388651</id><published>2009-07-31T18:57:00.002+04:30</published><updated>2009-07-31T19:00:56.584+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>سخنرانی های ریچارد فاینمن در کورنل</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://research.microsoft.com/apps/tools/tuva/"&gt;http://research.microsoft.com/apps/tools/tuva/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;مایکروسافت در ایک اقدام جالب نرم افزاری بصری رو تهیه کرده با امکانات ویژه که شما می توانید 7 سخنرانی فاینمن در دانشگاه کورنل را مشاهده کنید. زیر نویس انگلیسی شامل این کار میشود. نوت برداری و نامهای مشهور که در طول سخنرانی آورده می شود، لینکی همزمان به صورت بصری برای کسانی که با آن نام آشنا نیستند می اید و بیننده می تواند روی آن کلیک کرده و اطلاعات اضافه را دریافت کند.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-5564649447809388651?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/5564649447809388651/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/07/blog-post.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/5564649447809388651'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/5564649447809388651'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/07/blog-post.html' title='سخنرانی های ریچارد فاینمن در کورنل'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-4617820093624513577</id><published>2009-06-04T18:27:00.001+04:30</published><updated>2009-06-04T18:28:42.000+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>كتابچه‌ي داده‌هاي ذرات بنيادي</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SifTCRIYLgI/AAAAAAAAAIo/_E90j82_1hw/s1600-h/booklet.jpg"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5343471518810123778" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 217px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 320px" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SifTCRIYLgI/AAAAAAAAAIo/_E90j82_1hw/s320/booklet.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="right"&gt;كتاب راهنماي داده‌هاي ذرات بنيادي در واقع تلاش بسيار جالبي‌است از محققين و اهل قلم در دنياي ذرات كه داده‌هاي جديد تجربي و نظري را به‌روز مي‌كنند و در حيطه‌هاي مختلف ثابت‌ها و جداول ذرات بنيادي از كيهان‌شناسي و اخترفيزيك گرفته تا نظريه‌ي هيگز بوزون، ريسمان و غيره در اختيار علاقه مندان قرار مي‌دهند. آخرين ويرايش اين كتابچه 2008 بوده كه مي‌توانيد آن را از سايت اين گروه با همين نام دانلود كنيد و سپس پرينت بگيريد.&lt;br /&gt;اين كتابچه درواقع در دو نسخه‌ي جيبي و يك نسخه‌ي حجيم 1300 صفحه‌اي آماده شده. البته قطع جيبي آن حدود 300 صفحه است. تمام دانشجويان و محققين در زمينه‌ي فيزيك نظري- ذرات بنيادي و نجوم و اخترفيزيك و گرانش بايد همواره به اين جداول دسترسي داشته باشند. توجه داشته باشيد كه بايد به هنگام كار روي پروژه اعداد جديد را در سايت كه به‌صورت آخرين داده هاي به‌روز شده در يكي از صفحات سايت هست، چك كنيد. پرينت كتابچه‌ براي گذراندن دروس و درس سمينار و غيره بسيار مفيد است. ولي اگر مي خواهيد نسخه‌ي بسيار كاملي داشته باشيد و در زمينه هاي بسيار تخصصي كارمي‌كنيد، نسخه‌ي 1300 صفحه‌اي را حتماً به عنوان مرجع جداول و ارقام مورد نياز داشته باشيد. قبلاً در وبلاگ سايت اين گروه نيز با لينك معرفي شده است. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-4617820093624513577?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/4617820093624513577/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/06/blog-post_7762.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4617820093624513577'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4617820093624513577'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/06/blog-post_7762.html' title='كتابچه‌ي داده‌هاي ذرات بنيادي'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SifTCRIYLgI/AAAAAAAAAIo/_E90j82_1hw/s72-c/booklet.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-834090222145163566</id><published>2009-06-04T18:25:00.002+04:30</published><updated>2009-06-04T18:27:33.837+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>نسل جديد برخورد دهنده‌ها: كوچك‌تر، ارزان‌تر و ابر قدرتمند‌تر</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SifSxYBrzTI/AAAAAAAAAIg/eRTqX1ExReQ/s1600-h/plasmawakefield_acceleratio.jpg"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5343471228603321650" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 281px" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SifSxYBrzTI/AAAAAAAAAIg/eRTqX1ExReQ/s320/plasmawakefield_acceleratio.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="right"&gt;اندازه‌ي مواد در ذرات بنيادي: فيزيك‌دانان با ماشين بزرگ‌تر، اتم‌ها را با هم برخورد مي‌كنند، شكسته مي‌شوند و عميق‌ترين اسرار دنياي زيراتمي را نمايان مي‌كنند. ولي فناوري جديدي در راه است تا برخي ذرات بزرگ را در شتابدهنده شتاب مي‌دهند. تيمي از فيزيكدانان آلماني-روسي با استفاده از شبيه‌سازي‌ها روش جديدي را براي شتاب ذرات ارائه كرده‌اند. اين روش شتاب پرتون پلاسمايي نام دارد (Proton-driven plasma-wakefield acceleration-PWFA). اين روش ممكن است روزي شرايطي را كه با شتابدهنده‌هاي بزرگ امروزي فراهم مي‌آورد، براي رسيدن به انرژي هاي بالا به‌وجود آورد.&lt;br /&gt;آلن كالدول از مؤسسه‌ي ماكس پلانك در مونيخ مي گويد:«تاين روش پيشرفت بزرگي خواهد بود و آروزي ارزان تمام شدن و كوچك‌تر شدن اين گونه آزمايشگاه‌ها را بخصوص ارزان‌تر از شتابدهنده‌هاي الكترون برآورده مي‌كند.»&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;لازم به ذكر است كه هم‌اكنون ايالات متحده و بريتانيا 7 ميليارد دلار براي ساختن يك شتابدهنده‌ي خطي كه ممكن است هيچ‌گاه ساخته نشود سرمايه‌گذاري خواهند كرد. بنابراين فيزيكدانان براي يافتن جواب سؤال‌هاي بنيادي چون ماده و انرژي تاريك، ابعاد بالاتر و ابرتقارن به دنبال راه‌هاي ارزان‌تر و مناسب‌تري هستند. و كالدول مي‌گويد كه روش PWFA روش مناسبي خواهد بود. شتابدهنده‌هاي ذرات بنيادي غول با برخورد دادن ذرات زير اتمي چون پروتون والكترون در انرژي‌هاي بالا كار مي‌كنند. به همين دليل ذرات به انرژي تبديل مي‌شوند و دوباره به ماده تبديل مي‌شوند.&lt;br /&gt;فقط دو راه براي افزايش شتاب ذرات وجود دارد: ميدان الكتريكي بزرگ‌تر يا افزايش فاصله‌اي كه ذرات شتاب داده مي‌شوند. ما مي‌دانيم كه اين روش به دليل برخورد الكترون ها به ديواره و ذوب كردن آن اصلاً مناسب نيست. راه ديگر ساختن شتابدهنده‌هاي بزرگتر است. نمونه‌ي اين شتابدهنده‌ها در تواترون آزمايشگاه فرمي و برخورد دهنده‌ي بزرگ هادروني در سرن هستند. از طرفي الكترون‌ها براي ما مهم هستند چون كار با آن‌ها براي ما دقيق‌تر است. اينجاست كه آزمايشگاه‌هاي PWFA مي توانند به كمك ما بيايند.&lt;br /&gt;توضيح مترجم: از طرف ديگر آزمايش روي الكترون براي ما در فيزيك ذرات بنيادي بسيار مهم است چرا كه بالاخره بايد با قاطعيت بفهميم آيا الكترون جزئي از لپتون‌هاست و آيا قابل تجزيه است يا خير. اين مسأله شايد مهم‌تر از حتي مدل هيگز بوزون باشد. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-834090222145163566?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/834090222145163566/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/06/blog-post_04.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/834090222145163566'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/834090222145163566'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/06/blog-post_04.html' title='نسل جديد برخورد دهنده‌ها: كوچك‌تر، ارزان‌تر و ابر قدرتمند‌تر'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SifSxYBrzTI/AAAAAAAAAIg/eRTqX1ExReQ/s72-c/plasmawakefield_acceleratio.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-6237948962290412642</id><published>2009-06-03T21:37:00.002+04:30</published><updated>2009-06-03T21:44:34.357+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>كار اصلي انفجار بزرگ كامل مي‌شود!؟</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SiavcgE3-mI/AAAAAAAAAIQ/KeDdfoYr3iM/s1600-h/cernweld.jpg"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5343150912103250530" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 201px" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SiavcgE3-mI/AAAAAAAAAIQ/KeDdfoYr3iM/s320/cernweld.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="right"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;مهندسين كار اصلي تعمير ماشين شكسته شده‌ي انفجار بزرگ را كه بزرگترين ابزار علمي ساخته شده است، تمام كرده‌اند. آخرين 53 آهنرباي LHC به تونل 6 مايلي مرز فرانسه- سوئيس منتقل كردند. دانشمندان مي‌گويند كار LHC پاييز شروع خواهد شد. LHC با سرپرستي بخش تحقيقاتي هسته‌اي سوئيس در سال گذشته سوئيچ خورد. ولي 10 روز بعد در يك خطاي آزمايش از مخزن سرد كننده هليم نشت كرد و بخشي از لوله‌ آسيب ديد. اين هليم سرد آهنرباهاي قدرتمند ماشين را خنك مي‌كند. بنابراين دستگاه از كار افتاد.&lt;br /&gt;LHC براي برخورد دادن ذرات زير اتمي با هم در انرژي‌هاي بالايي كه تاكنون تجربه‌اش را نداشته‌ايم ساخته شد. بنابراين با انرژي 1 ترالكترون ولتي شرايط انفجار بزرگ يعني زماني كه جهان در 13.7 ميليارد سال قبل بود، شبيه سازي خواهد شد. نكته‌ي كليدي در LHC در پيدا كردن ذره‌ي هيگز-بوزون به‌نام معروف «ذره‌ي خدايي» است كه فيزيكدانان نظري براين باور هستند كه وجود جرم را مي‌توانند با آن توصيف كنند.&lt;br /&gt;اگرچه شانس يافتن اين ذره باعث سياه‌چاله‌هاي كوچكي مي‌شود كه برخي چنين خبر سازي كردند كه ممكن است زمين را تركيب همين سياه‌چاله ها ببلعند. آهنرباهاي ابرسرد كننده ذرات ره در تونل شتاب‌داده و حركت آن‌ها را كنترل مي‌كنند. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-6237948962290412642?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/6237948962290412642/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/06/blog-post.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6237948962290412642'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6237948962290412642'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/06/blog-post.html' title='كار اصلي انفجار بزرگ كامل مي‌شود!؟'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SiavcgE3-mI/AAAAAAAAAIQ/KeDdfoYr3iM/s72-c/cernweld.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-4731214431132016069</id><published>2009-05-25T20:23:00.001+04:30</published><updated>2009-05-25T20:25:17.986+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>سخنراني ذرات بنيادي</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;beyond standard model &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;اين عنوان سخنراني ذرات بنيادي است كه علي قاسم‌پور از دانشگاه علوم و تحقيقات هفته‌ي آينده در دانشگاه خواهد داشت. تاريخ و ساعت به اطلاع علاقه‌مندان مي‌رسد.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-4731214431132016069?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/4731214431132016069/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/05/blog-post_6996.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4731214431132016069'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4731214431132016069'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/05/blog-post_6996.html' title='سخنراني ذرات بنيادي'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-7541874216680875379</id><published>2009-05-25T19:51:00.001+04:30</published><updated>2009-05-25T19:52:42.667+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>خبر جديد</title><content type='html'>منتظر يك خبر داغ در باره‌ي فيزيك و دانشگاه آزاد و غيره باشيد...شايد اين انتظار بيش از چند ماه طول بكشد.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-7541874216680875379?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/7541874216680875379/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/05/blog-post_25.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/7541874216680875379'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/7541874216680875379'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/05/blog-post_25.html' title='خبر جديد'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-8174968296001937487</id><published>2009-05-02T20:33:00.001+04:30</published><updated>2009-05-02T20:38:24.118+04:30</updated><title type='text'>پروپوسال</title><content type='html'>جلسه‌ي توجيهي پروپوسال در اتاق دفاع. يكشنبه 12 تا 13 گروه ذرات و نظري.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-8174968296001937487?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/8174968296001937487/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/05/blog-post.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8174968296001937487'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8174968296001937487'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/05/blog-post.html' title='پروپوسال'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-8629129244576133558</id><published>2009-04-28T21:48:00.003+04:30</published><updated>2009-04-28T22:21:42.922+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>اتمام مدرسه‌ي هندسه‌ي ناجابه‌جايي</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;امروز سه ‌شنبه 8 ارديبهشت كنفرانس و مدرسه‌ي هندسه‌ي نابه‌جايي به اتمام رسيد. اين دوره‌ي 10 روزه و فشرده، شامل مباحث جبري روز در حيطه‌ي بسيار فعال جبرناجابه‌جايي بود. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;در اين مدرسه، سخنرانان مقاله‌هاي آشنايي با جبر، طرح‌هاي پايان‌نامه، پيشرفتهاي روز، و تاريخچه‌ي اين حيطه‌ي جبر را مورد بررسي قرار دادند. همان‌طور كه مي‌دانيم، فيزيك نظري و ذرات بنيادي و ريسمان‌ بسيار از اين حيطه و بخصوص توپولوژي استفاده مي‌كنند. در بين سخنراني‌هاي رياضيات محض، جبر فون نويمن در كوانتم، نظريه‌ي ميدان‌هاي كوانتمي، ميدان‌هاي كوانتمي همديس و رياضي فيزيك به چشم مي‌خورد. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;a href="http://math.ipm.ac.ir/NCG2009/"&gt;http://math.ipm.ac.ir/NCG2009/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-8629129244576133558?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/8629129244576133558/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/blog-post_6915.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8629129244576133558'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8629129244576133558'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/blog-post_6915.html' title='اتمام مدرسه‌ي هندسه‌ي ناجابه‌جايي'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-2597816940294492166</id><published>2009-04-28T21:36:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2009-04-28T21:37:13.662+04:30</updated><title type='text'>سايت كنفرانس‌هاي بين المللي-مدرسه هاي تخصصي-دوره‌هاي دانشجويي</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www.conference-service.com/conferences/high-energy-physics-and-accelerators.html"&gt;http://www.conference-service.com/conferences/high-energy-physics-and-accelerators.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-2597816940294492166?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/2597816940294492166/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/blog-post_28.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/2597816940294492166'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/2597816940294492166'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/blog-post_28.html' title='سايت كنفرانس‌هاي بين المللي-مدرسه هاي تخصصي-دوره‌هاي دانشجويي'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-5065978826838283494</id><published>2009-04-23T20:47:00.003+04:30</published><updated>2009-04-23T20:50:43.036+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>cernland</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="https://project-cernland.web.cern.ch/project-CERNland/"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5327921934720072050" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 191px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 58px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SfCUxWYAeXI/AAAAAAAAAII/hp-mUpoJ0lE/s320/2.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;سايت سرن 20 سالگي خودش را با آماده سازي يك وب سايت زيباي آموزشي جشن گرفت. سايتي با لينك‌هاي كم راحت براي استفاده و بسياري از مطالب و دانلود، ويدئو و موسيقي باترانه‌‌هايي كه فرايندهاي فيزيكي را در شتابدهنده توضيح مي‌دهند!! و البته بازي كه همگي براي يادگيري با تمامي ابزار در وب، و البته واقعاً ساده و عاري از هرگونه شلوغي صفحه.&lt;br /&gt;اين وب سايت بخصوص براي كودكان و نوجوانان و شايد بزرگ‌ترها مناسب باشد! مقياس‌هاي معروف ده‌تايي دنياي ماكروسكوپي تا ميكروسكپي يكي‌ديگر از اين لينك‌هاست. درباره‌ي سرن لينكي است شما را با اين تأسيسات بزرگ ذرات بنيادي آشنا مي‌كند. با پسر كوچولوي سايت به سفري در دنياي ذرات خواهيد رفت. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-5065978826838283494?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/5065978826838283494/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/cernland.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/5065978826838283494'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/5065978826838283494'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/cernland.html' title='cernland'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SfCUxWYAeXI/AAAAAAAAAII/hp-mUpoJ0lE/s72-c/2.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-5895931703981009157</id><published>2009-04-23T20:29:00.001+04:30</published><updated>2009-04-23T20:29:58.565+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>شكست تقارن در نيروي قوي</title><content type='html'>ابررايانه‌ها فرصتي را براي محققان فراهم كرده‌اند كه نقض تقارن را در كنش‌هاي قوي (كه عامل نگه‌داري اتم‌هاست) محاسبه كنند.&lt;br /&gt;يك تيم تحقيقاتي بين‌المللي دو نظريه‌اي كه خواص «پايون‌« را توضيح مي‌دهند، با هم سازگار كردند. اين بسيار مهم است زيرا ذره‌ي زيراتمي نقش كليدي در كنش‌هاي قوي دارد- نيروي بنيادي هسته‌ي اتم‌ها را پايدار نگه مي‌دارد. «پايون» يك كوارك و يك پادكوارك دارد.  به همين دليل در فهرست بندي جزو دسته‌اي قرار مي‌گيرد كه نوترون و پروتون هم هستند،‌ ولي ويژگي‌هاي متفاوتي دارند.&lt;br /&gt;سنيا آووكي از دانشگاه تسوبا و مركز BNL نيويورك مي‌گويد: «يك معما اين بود كه پايون سبك‌تر از ديگر هادرون‌هاست.» پايون سبك اولين بار توسط «يوچيرو نامبو» توضيح داده شد كه جايزه‌ي نوبل 2008 را به خودش اختصاص داد. او تشخيص داد كه كنش‌هاي قوي معمولا بايد قانوني بنام  «تقارن ناهمگون»  (chiral symmetry) را درخود دارد ولي در خلأ اين قاعده شكسته مي‌شود.&lt;br /&gt;آووكي چنين شرح مي‌دهد: «كوارك اسپين دارد كه مي‌تواند چپ‌گرد يا راست‌كرد باشد. تقارن‌ ناهمگون به اين معناست كه كوارك‌هاي سمت چپ و راست هرگز با هم تركيب نمي شوند. اگر تقارن ناهمگون هم‌زمان شكسته شود، پايون بدون جرم ظاهر مي‌شود. با اين حال اگر كوارك‌ها جرم داشته باشند، چنين قاعده‌اي درست نيست. »&lt;br /&gt;در واقع پايون‌ها جرم كوچكي دارند  كه به‌دليل جرم غير‌صفر كوارك، صرف‌نظر از مقياس انرژي بالاي كنش‌هاي قوي  است. اثرات جرم كوارك در حضور شكست تقارن همگون لحظه‌اي، با استفاده از نظريه‌اي بنام اختلال ناهمگون به تصوير در آمده است. مهم است كه نشان دهيم شكست تقارن در نظريه‌ي بنيادي كنش‌هاي قوي، كروموديناميك  كوانتمي (QCD) اتفاق مي‌افتد. اين نظريه حاكم بر رفتار كوارك‌ها و گلئون‌هاست.&lt;br /&gt;تاكنون در QCD مشكل بود كه پايون با جرم كم را در مسأله‌ي معروف به «درياي كوارك‌ها»  (زوج ظاهري كوارك و پادكوارك كه در ميدان گلئون ظاهر مي‌شوند) بررسي كنيم. آووكي و همكارانش از ابررايانه‌هايي در مركز شتابدهنده‌ي انرژي‌هاي بالا (KEK) در تسوبا استفاده مي‌كنند كه QCD را به ‌صورت عددي در يك شبكه تحليل مي‌كند. آن‌ها دقيقاً چگونگي بستگي جرم و واپاشي يك پايون را به جرم كوارك محاسبه مي‌كنند.&lt;br /&gt;آن‌ها براي اولين بار نشان دادند كه اگر فرض كنيم كوارك جرمي بسيار كم دارد،  QCD همان نتايجي را مي‌دهد كه نظريه‌ي اختلال ناهمگون مي‌دهد. آووكي اين را يك موفقيت مهم مي‌داند: «نتايجي كه بدست آورديم نشان مي‌دهد شبكه‌ي QCD و اختلال ناهمگون با هم در توافق هستند، ولي ثابت مي‌شود كه شكست تقارن ناهمگون «نامبو» در QCD هم اتفاق مي‌افتد.»&lt;br /&gt;منبع: &lt;a href="http://www.innovations-report.de/"&gt;www.innovations-report.de&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-5895931703981009157?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/5895931703981009157/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/blog-post_23.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/5895931703981009157'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/5895931703981009157'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/blog-post_23.html' title='شكست تقارن در نيروي قوي'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-5510925272377114229</id><published>2009-04-18T21:23:00.001+04:30</published><updated>2009-04-18T21:25:39.368+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>معرفي كتاب: مكانيك كوانتمي مرزباخر</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SeoGAMRHTjI/AAAAAAAAAIA/hHy1L94vUZA/s1600-h/untitled.bmp"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5326076109681806898" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 120px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 177px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SeoGAMRHTjI/AAAAAAAAAIA/hHy1L94vUZA/s320/untitled.bmp" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;نمي‌دانم چند كتاب كوانتم مكانيك را مي توان نام برد كه واقعاً كتاب‌هايي كامل و زيبا باشند؟ ولي اين را مي‌دانم كه در فيزيك فقط چند كتاب مرجع بزرگ داريم و البته در هر حيطه يكي!؟‌ دوره‌ي چهارگانه‌اي را با اين معرفي شروع مي‌كنيم از بهترين‌ها! سليقه‌ي ما شايد با هم فرق داشته باشد ولي گاهي سليقه جواب‌گوي نياز ما به دسترسي به مطالب جامع نيست. «اووگن مرزباخر» شايد تنها كسي باشد كه توانسته كتاب كوانتم مكانيكي جامع و به شكل عجيبي خوش ساختار و البته در مورد پيوستگي مطالب عالي بنويسد. هيچ اغراقي در كار نيست. كوانتم مكانيك مرزباخر تنها كتاب كوانتمي است كه فقط بايد در نهايت امر به آن مراجعه كرد. وقتي ويرايش 1972 اين كتاب يعني ويرايش دوم را دست گرفتم و كپي نامطلوب آن را خواندم حس عجيبي مي‌گفت بايد تمريناتش را هم كه در متن كتاب لابه لاي هر موضوع آمده حل كنم. عجيبي است نه؟ حل تمرين! كار سختي است و اراده مي‌خواهد ولي نمي‌دانم چه نكته‌ي آموزشي در اين كتاب نه چندان مقدماتي نهفته است كه خود به خود تمرين حل مي‌كنيد. مي خواهيد مقاله در كوانتم كار كنيد؟ يا ببينيد در فلان مقاله منظور از يك اصطلاح خاص چه بوده؟ گاهي مجبور مي‌شويد چند فصل را بخوانيد. اصلاً‌ ناراحت نخواهيد شد. اين كتاب به همراه 3 كتابي كه در چند حيطه‌ي ديگر از جمله الكترومغناطيس و ديناميك، مكانيك كلاسيك، اُپتيك معرفي مي‌كنم جزو بهترين‌هاهستند. از وقتي دانشجوي كارشناسي بودم تا الان كه دوباره دارم بقيه‌ي كتاب را مي‌خوانم، از اساتيد شنيده‌ام اين كتاب با مكانيسم موجي نوشته شده به درد اتمي‌ و مولكولي‌ها مي‌خورد! بعداً كه راجع به كتاب ساكورايي هم مطلبي مي‌نويسم بيش‌تر متوجه اختلاف يا تشابه كتاب‌ها خواهيد شد. جواب من به عنوان خواننده‌ي فيزيكي اين كتاب يك خير محكم است!!&lt;br /&gt;شما بايد منبعي در كوانتم مكانيك در اختيار داشته باشيد تا نيازهاي علمي شما را چه در سطح كارشناسي و چه ارشد برآورده كند. بايد وقتي مقاله مي‌خوانيد و با اصطلاحي مواجه شديد يك استاد آن را براي شما توضيح دهد. خب!؟ مرزباخر يقيناً استاد بزرگي است! گرايش در مورد اين كتاب هيچ ربطي به موضوع ندارد. با خيال راحت اين كتاب را شروع كنيد تا مفاهيم كوانتم را بخوبي درك كنيد و بتوانيد كم كم به جايي برسيد كه فرابگيريد چگونه دنبال جواب سؤال‌هاي خودتان بگرديد.&lt;br /&gt;هميشه به ياد داشته باشيد كه وقتي وارد زمينه‌هاي حرفه‌اي فيزيك مي‌شويد و يا روي پايان‌نامه يا پروژه‌اي كار مي كنيد بايد ياد مطالبي از يك كتاب بيفتيد.&lt;br /&gt;الف. آن كتاب در اين مرحله دقيقاً جزو همان بهترين‌هاست. چرا؟ چون در همان زمان چنان تسلط داشته بر موضوع و يا خواسته كه آنچه در آينده فيزيك به دنبالش هست را نيز بياورد. چيزي كه شايد در كتاب‌هاي «واينبرگ» يكي از غول‌هاي فيزيك ذرات و كيهان‌شناسي بتوان ديد.&lt;br /&gt;ب. شما دانشجوي علاقه‌مندي بوديد و وجدانتان راحت است كه كمي بيش‌تر از ديگران تلاش كرديد و خيلي بيش‌تر از ديگران مطالعه داشتيد!؟&lt;br /&gt;كوتاه اينكه كوانتم را از منابع خوب بخوانيد و منتظر جزوه، كتاب ساده‌نويسي شده هم نباشيد. علت را بعداً متوجه خواهيد شد. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-5510925272377114229?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/5510925272377114229/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/blog-post_9737.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/5510925272377114229'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/5510925272377114229'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/blog-post_9737.html' title='معرفي كتاب: مكانيك كوانتمي مرزباخر'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SeoGAMRHTjI/AAAAAAAAAIA/hHy1L94vUZA/s72-c/untitled.bmp' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-1293885901252224353</id><published>2009-04-18T21:12:00.002+04:30</published><updated>2009-04-18T21:21:32.659+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>اطلاعيه‌ي همكاري</title><content type='html'>از تمامي دوستان و همكاران و علاقه‌مندان به ذرات بنيادي دعوت به عمل مي‌ايد تا در اينم وبلاگ و فعاليتهاي گروه ذرات بنيادي شركت نمايند. جهت اعلام آمادگي لطفاً به ايميل گروه درخواست و رزومه‌ي تحصيلي و علمي خود را بفرستيد.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-1293885901252224353?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/1293885901252224353/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/blog-post_18.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/1293885901252224353'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/1293885901252224353'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/blog-post_18.html' title='اطلاعيه‌ي همكاري'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-3126356804881996398</id><published>2009-04-13T18:41:00.002+04:30</published><updated>2009-04-13T18:42:55.418+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>ذرات زير اتمي</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SeNISXYw7RI/AAAAAAAAAH4/LWA15Aac1Ew/s1600-h/scale.gif"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5324178664834788626" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 222px" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SeNISXYw7RI/AAAAAAAAAH4/LWA15Aac1Ew/s320/scale.gif" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;در ادامه‌ي بحث به ذرات زير اتمي مي‌رسيم: ذرات زير اتمي غير از كوارك‌ها و ذرات كاملا بنيادي هستند. مثل الكترون-نوترون و پروتون. چون اينها به هر حال شامل كوارك‌ها مي‌شوند. در مورد الكترون هنوز آن را بنيادي مي‌دانيم. آزمايشگاه‌هاي برخورددهنده‌ي خطي و نه مدور مثل SLAC در آينده‌اي بسيار نزديك آن‌قدر انرژي دارند تا با برخوردهاي سربه سر باعث شكافته شدن احتمالي الكترون هم بشوند. شايد واژه‌ي ذره كمي ايجاد شبه كند چرا كه قانون بلامنازع حاكم بر ابعاد ريز مكانيك كوانتمي است. و مي‌دانيم كه يك خاصيت عجيب در طبيعت وجود دارد. دوگانگي موج-ذره!! يعني بر حسب نوع آزمايش گاهي مثلاً الكترون خودش رو به‌صورت موج نشون ميده و گاهي ذره. آزمايش دوشكافي يانگ يك نمونه معروف از اثبات اين قضيه است و اثر تداخلي كه از الكترون ديده شد. و اين يعني موج!!اين خاصيت موجي در اصطلاح كوانتم با فضاي رياضياتي بنام هيلبرت معرفي ميشه كه فضا رو nبُعدي در نظر مي گيره. البته من تذكر اساسي بدم اين فضا، فضاي رياضياتي مثل مجموعه است و نه فضاي فيزيكي. اين فضاي بي‌نهايت بعدي، بي‌نهايت حالت رو در خودش جاي داده. حالت هم به معناي اون چيزي است كه ما در طيف هم مي‌بينيم. يا در آزمايش‌هايي چون اشترن كرلاخ يا امثال اينها كه فيزيكي ها در فيزيك مدرن يا جلد 4 هاليدي باهاش آشنا ميشن.اينها رو اگر دوست داشتين و متن كشش داشت در ادامه بعد از معرفي فيزيك ذرات و توضيح مي‌دم، بعد ميريم سراغ شتابدهنده‌ها. اگر بخواهيم ذرات رو و ديناميك(بررسي حالتهاي فيزيكي و شرايط فيزيكي رو بررسي كنيم) وارد حيطه‌اي بنام نظريه‌هاي ميدان‌هاي كوانتمي ميشيم. و اگر تمام ذرات رو بخواهيم با اين نوع رياضيات و فرماليسم بررسي كنيم به مدل استادارد مي‌رسيم كه نيروهاي مورد بحث در نظريه‌ي ميدان، رو ميشه وحدت داد. و فقط گرانش تا به حال نشده.در مدل استاندارد 17 ذره بدون احتساب پادذره‌ي اونهااست و البته بايد اونها رو بهم به حساب بياريم: 12 فرميون (ذراتي كه در مكانيك آماري كوانتمي از قانون فرمي تبعيت مي‌كنند و شماره‌ي اسپين اونها عدد صحيحه! باز هم مجبورم بعدا توضيح بدم)+ پادذره‌هاشون.4 بوزون برداري (اين اسم رياضياتي است به دليل اينكه حالت ما برداريه در رياضيات). و يك پادذره داره كلاً.1 بوزون اسكالرو اينها تركيب ميشن و صدهاعنصر و ماده رو بوجود ميارن! تابه حال حدود صدها ذره‌ي زير اتمي كشف شده كه براي خودشون يك جدول دارند شبيه جدول مندليف. جالب اينه كه مدل استاندارد ذرات بسيار با آزمايش‌ها تأييد شده. ولي هنوز ذرات زيادي هستند كه پيش‌بيني شدند و در انرژي هاي بالا ممكنه ظاهر بشن يا ذراتي كه هنوز در فيزيك نظري هم پيش‌بيني نكرديم كه LHC يكي از كارهاي اصليش همينه. فيزيكدانان ذرات بنيادي منتظر يك مدل بزرگتر از استاندارد هستند تا نواقص موجود رو برطرف كنه. يكي از مسائلي ممكنه كمي باعث اجبار تصحيح نظريه بشه جرم نوترينو است. در اين مدل نوتروينو نبايد جرم داشته باشه. ولي داره به تجربه. هرچند كم ولي بايد مدل آنقدر بزرگ باشه كه نظريه‌ها و رفتارهاي طبيعت رو در انرژي‌هاي مختلف فعلاً در حد ابعاد ريز جواب بده تا اينكه به مدلهاي گرانش كوانتمي هم برسيم. و نكته‌ي آخر اينكه تا كجا اين دنياي كوچك ادامه داره. ريزتر و ريزتر ميشه؟‌ آيا هرقدر انرژي رو بالاتر ببريم به ابعاد ريز تري مي‌رسيم. در فلسفه و فيزيك ذرات بنيادي اصطلاح و نوعي نگرش در اين باره وجود داره به نام كاهش پذيري.Reductionismو به نظر من نوعي صرفاً به عنوان يك فيزيكي عادي، اين كاهش پذيري فكر نمي‌كنم بي‌انتها باشه. فيزيك طبيعت نشون داده كه محدوده‌ي انرژي وجود داره. حتي اگر از حد كنوني كه دست پيدا كرديم بيش‌تر باشه. چرا؟ چون هر روز داريم باهاش كار ميكنيم.اينكه اين گفته يا هر نظري در فيزيك تغيير كنه يا عكسش ثابت بشه دليل بر ضعف فيزيك نيست. اين رو اكثرا اشتباها بر ضعف فيزيك مي‌دونن در حالي كه اين بزرگترين نقطه‌ي قوت فيزيكه!&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-3126356804881996398?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/3126356804881996398/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/blog-post_13.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/3126356804881996398'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/3126356804881996398'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/blog-post_13.html' title='ذرات زير اتمي'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SeNISXYw7RI/AAAAAAAAAH4/LWA15Aac1Ew/s72-c/scale.gif' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-94905551604852969</id><published>2009-04-10T19:06:00.002+04:30</published><updated>2009-04-10T19:21:23.446+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>زلزله‌ي مهيب رُم</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;زلزله‌ي مهيبي كه آبرازو را در شامگاه 6 آوريل تكان داد خوشبختانه هيچ صدمه‌اي به كاركنان و خود آزمايشگاه ذرات بنيادي Gran Sasso نزد. همه‌ي آزمايش‌ها به كار خود ادامه مي‌دهند و ساختمان‌هاي بيروني بدون هيچ اثري از زلزله باقي مانده‌اند.&lt;br /&gt;«اجينو كوچا» سرپرست اين آزمايشگاه مي‌گويد:«آزمايشگاه هاي گران ساسو و آزمايش‌ها در اثر زلزله دچار هيچ مشكلي نشدند. ولي عده‌ي زيادي خانه هاي خود را از دست دادند. هيچ كدام از دانشمندان بين قربانيان اين زلزله نبودند». آزمايش‌هاي علمي اصلي بعد ازتعطيلات يعني از 14 آوريل شروع به كار مي‌كنند. آزمايش‌‌ها با شروع زمين‌لرزه‌ي 6.3 ريشتري متوقف شده بودند. اين آزمايشگاه و آشكارساز نوترينو در قبل كوه‌هاي لا آكوييلا (l’Aquila)قرار دارد.&lt;br /&gt;طبق آمار منتشر شده، 207 نفر كشته، 1500 زخمي كه حال 100 نفر از آن‌ها وخيم است و 17 نفر ناپديد شده‌اند.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align="center"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Sd9apJjXqxI/AAAAAAAAAHo/BLXKVpIoUJc/s1600-h/image016.gif"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5323072947560622866" style="WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 240px" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Sd9apJjXqxI/AAAAAAAAAHo/BLXKVpIoUJc/s320/image016.gif" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;شرح كوتاهي از اين آزمايشگاه ذرات بنيادي:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;«گران ساسو» يكي از 4 آزمايشگاه ملي هسته‌اي ايتاليا است. بزرگترين آزمايشگاه زيرزميني دنيا كه در آن آزمايش‌هاي ذرات بنيادي، اخترفيزيك ذرات و اخترفيزيك هسته‌اي انجام مي‌شود. دانشمنداني از سراسر دنيا در آن كار مي‌كنند كه در حال حاضر حدود 750 نفر از 22 كشور، 15 آزمايش را انجام مي‌دهند.&lt;br /&gt;«گران ساسو» بين شهرهاي «لاكوييلا» و «ترامو» حدود 120 كيلومتري رُم واقع شده‌ است. امكانات زير زميني آن 10 كيلومتر را زير زمين پوشش داده و تونلي 10 كيلومتري در كوه «گران ساسو» براي اين منظور حفر شده است. سه اتاق بزرگ آزمايشگاهي دارد كه هركدام 100 متر طول و 20 متر عرض و 18 متر ارتفاع دارد. همراه با تونل‌هاي ارتباطي آن‌ها حدود 180 هزار مترمربع را در بر گرفته است.&lt;br /&gt;به خاطر كمبود اورانيم و توريم در كوه شار نوترون خوشبختانه كم بوده هر 1400 متر از صخره‌هاي كوه، فقط يك ميليونيم شار پرتوهاي كيهاني‌ را كاهش مي‌دهد. اكثر امكانات و سرويس‌هاي اضافي در ساختمان‌هاي بيروني قرار دارند. تحقيقات اصلي در اين آزمايشگاه در حال حاضر اين‌ها هستند:&lt;br /&gt;فيزيك نوترينو با بررسي خورشيد و انفجارهاي ابرنواختري و نوسانات نوترينو با نوفه‌هايي كه از سرن مي‌آيد (پروژه‌ي CNGS)، بررسي جرم نوترينو در واپاشي دوگانه‌ي بتاي نوترينو، ماده‌ي تاريك، كنش‌هاي هسته‌اي اخترفيزيكي. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;منبع:‌symmetry Breaking و سايت آزمايشگاه : LNGS&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-94905551604852969?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/94905551604852969/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/abruzzo-6-gran-sasso.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/94905551604852969'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/94905551604852969'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/abruzzo-6-gran-sasso.html' title='زلزله‌ي مهيب رُم'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Sd9apJjXqxI/AAAAAAAAAHo/BLXKVpIoUJc/s72-c/image016.gif' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-5102671909086521630</id><published>2009-04-10T17:25:00.004+04:30</published><updated>2009-04-10T17:34:32.806+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>سخنراني دكتر حقيقي پور از دانشگاه هاوايي</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Sd9Dn2lQLvI/AAAAAAAAAHg/AhewVRzZwn4/s1600-h/nader20071.jpg"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5323047636520939250" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 262px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 320px" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Sd9Dn2lQLvI/AAAAAAAAAHg/AhewVRzZwn4/s320/nader20071.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;یکشنبه : 23/1/87&lt;br /&gt;از ساعت 11 الی 13&lt;br /&gt;سالن سمینار بلوک A - دانشکده علوم&lt;br /&gt;تهران مركز - ميدان صنعت - خيابان سيماي ايران&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1999 : PhD, University of Missouri-ColumbiaPlanetary Dynamics, Extrasolar PlanetsTitle of Thesis: Resonance Lock and Planetary Dynamics1997 : MS, University of Missouri-ColumbiaCosmology and Cosmogony, Gravitation and General Relativity1989 : BS, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.Physics&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/~nader/" target="_blank"&gt;برای آشنایی بیشتر با دکتر نادرپور به وبسایت ایشان مراجعه کنید&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-5102671909086521630?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/5102671909086521630/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/blog-post.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/5102671909086521630'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/5102671909086521630'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/blog-post.html' title='سخنراني دكتر حقيقي پور از دانشگاه هاوايي'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Sd9Dn2lQLvI/AAAAAAAAAHg/AhewVRzZwn4/s72-c/nader20071.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-7627555543678629943</id><published>2009-04-08T16:41:00.001+04:30</published><updated>2009-04-10T19:20:24.805+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>MINERvA opens eyes to neutrino data</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Sd9cpuW7kaI/AAAAAAAAAHw/nOpuzLn8prM/s1600-h/Minerva.jpg"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5323075156463817122" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 214px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 320px" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Sd9cpuW7kaI/AAAAAAAAAHw/nOpuzLn8prM/s320/Minerva.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;A new neutrino detector just got its first glimpse at how the elusive particles interact.&lt;br /&gt;The first portion of Fermilab’s MINERvA detector observed its first events from the NuMI neutrino beam Wednesday night.&lt;br /&gt;“This is a huge milestone for us,” said MINERvA cospokesperson Kevin McFarland from University of Rochester. “It took an entire crew of people working closely together late into the night to finish getting the detector ready.”&lt;br /&gt;A crew of technicians and physicists has been working to move the detector into the MINOS near detector hall for the past three weeks.&lt;br /&gt;A handful of extremely dedicated collaborators worked late into the night Wednesday to finish connecting and synchronizing elements of the detector. The first events were collected at 10 p.m. and by 1:30 a.m. David Schmitz, a Fermilab Lederman Fellow, announced the neutrino events to the collaboration.&lt;br /&gt;“It was really exciting to open up the eyes of the detector to the neutrino beam for the first time,” Schmitz said.&lt;br /&gt;The fine-grained detector will collect data that MINERvA collaborators will use to study neutrino interactions at an unprecedented level of detail.&lt;br /&gt;The first portion of the detector consists of 24 modules each 1 3/8 inches thick that sit next to each other like slices of bread. Prior to Wednesday’s inaugural neutrino beam, the initial portion of the detector collected data from cosmic ray muons in the Wideband Lab. The cosmic ray data helped to calibrate the 6000 channels in these modules.&lt;br /&gt;When the detector is fully assembled in 2010, it will have 108 modules with 30,000 channels.&lt;br /&gt;That is a lot of cables and connectors,” McFarland said. “The calibration is a very interesting puzzle.”&lt;br /&gt;Construction of elements for the remainder of the detector is underway at various places throughout the laboratory and at collaborating universities. The collaboration expects to install another group of completed modules during the summer shutdown.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This story first appeared in &lt;a href="http://www.fnal.gov/pub/today/archive_2009/today09-04-03.html" target="_blank" modo="false"&gt;Fermilab Today&lt;/a&gt; on April 3, 2009.&lt;br /&gt;Rhianna Wisniewski&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-7627555543678629943?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/7627555543678629943/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/minerva-opens-eyes-to-neutrino-data.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/7627555543678629943'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/7627555543678629943'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/minerva-opens-eyes-to-neutrino-data.html' title='MINERvA opens eyes to neutrino data'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Sd9cpuW7kaI/AAAAAAAAAHw/nOpuzLn8prM/s72-c/Minerva.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-8691393909528506226</id><published>2009-04-01T17:52:00.003+04:30</published><updated>2009-04-01T18:03:35.668+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>فيزيك ذرات -1</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SdNrHLnZT7I/AAAAAAAAAHQ/_F9tnJxibcA/s1600-h/553px-Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles_svg.png"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319713355975970738" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 295px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 320px" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SdNrHLnZT7I/AAAAAAAAAHQ/_F9tnJxibcA/s320/553px-Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles_svg.png" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000099;"&gt;ذرات بنيادي&lt;/span&gt; شاخه‌اي مهم از فيزيك است بلوك‌هاي بنيادي عالم رو بررسي مي‌كند. يعني ماده و انرژي، كنش‌هاي بين آنها. چون اكثر اين كنشها در انرژي‌هاي بالاست، شاخه‌ي كلي ذرات بنيادي، &lt;span style="color:#000099;"&gt;«فيزيك انرژي‌هاي بالا»&lt;/span&gt; ناميده مي‌شود. علت اين‌است كه كنش‌هاي ذرات بنيادي در انرژي هاي پايين كه ما حس مي‌كنيم و اغلب استفاده ميكنيم اتفاق نمي‌افتند. تاكنون به اين حد از دانش رسيديم تا با ساختن شتابدهنده‌ها-برخورد دهنده‌هاي ذرات بنيادي و آشكار سازهاي پرتوهاي كيهاني در حيطه‌ي تجربي هم وارد فيزيك انرژي هاي شويم. ذرات بنيادي در پايه‌اي ترين دسته بندي خودشون براساس تجزيه ناپذيري و مشخصات كوانتمي‌ از هم جدا مي‌شوند. تصويري كه مي‌بينيد يك جدول ساده و پايه‌ايست از ذرات بنيادي. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#990000;"&gt;نكته:&lt;/span&gt; ذرات بنيادي مطابق &lt;span style="color:#000099;"&gt;نظريه‌ي ميدانهاي كوانتمي&lt;/span&gt; (نظريه‌ي نسبيت خاص+كوانتم و مكانيك لاگرانژي) به دو دسته‌ي كلي تر هم تقسيم ميشن. &lt;span style="color:#cc0000;"&gt;1.&lt;/span&gt; ذرات مادي بنيادي كه ديده هم شدند. غير از كواركها يك به طور مستقل ديده نشدند ولي از شواهد غير مستقيم اونها رو در &lt;span style="color:#000099;"&gt;اتاقك حباب&lt;/span&gt; (جايي كه نتيجه‌ي برخورد در شتابدهنده‌ها مشخص مي‌شود) مشاهده شدند.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#cc0000;"&gt;2.&lt;/span&gt; ذرات حامل: اين ذرات درواقع مثل قيدهايي هستند كه كنش‌ها و تعادلهاي سيستمهاي بنيادي رو كنترل مي‌كنند. در جدول اونها رو با رنگ آبي مي‌بينيد.&lt;span style="color:#000099;"&gt; گلئون&lt;/span&gt; (نگه‌دارنده‌ي كوارك‌ها)-&lt;span style="color:#000099;"&gt;فوتون-Z و W&lt;/span&gt;. بماند كه اينها چه نوع عملكردي دارند. ذرات رنگ بنفش كوارك‌ها هستند. جالبه بدونيد كه در ذرات بنيادي اون‌قدر رياضيات قوي در اختيار فيزيكدانان هست كه براحتي با محاسبات توانستند كوارك‌ها رو با اصل تقارن و نظريه‌ي گروه پيش‌بيني كنند و البته ذرات ديگر بنيادي كه اون ذرات پيدا شدند با همون مشخصات فيزيكي كه تعيين شده بود. (نوعي جبر ماتريسي كه براي فيزيكدانان ذرات حكم يك عملگر اساسي رو داره در محاسبات). كوارك‌ها تنها نيستند هيچ وقت!؟ يعني كسي نمي‌تواند ادعا كند كه كواركي رو به تنهايي ديده. كوارك ها بوسيله‌ي گلئون‌ها كنار هم قرار گرفتند (نيروي هسته‌اي قوي و فيزيك انرژي‌هاي بالا اينجا بيشتر معناي خودشون رو نشون ميده). شتابدهنده‌ها كاري كه انجام مي‌دهند به هر ميزان انرژي‌كه در توانشان باشد مي‌توانند به داخلي ترين بلوك‌هاي ذرات نفوذ كنند. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000099;"&gt;LHC&lt;/span&gt; تا 7 ترالكترون‌ولت كه براي شكافتن پرتون به كار ميره (تا كوارك‌ها رو مورد بررسي قرار بديم) و توضيح ميدم بعد كه چه انتظارهايي داريم از اين شتابدهنده‌ي غول‌پيكر. علت اينكه كوارك‌ها بهم متصل هستند معلوم نيست. ولي فيزيكدانان انرژي‌هاي بالا نوسانات كوانتمي انفجار بزرگ را بررسي مي‌كنند تا ببينند آيا كوارك‌ها از همان ابتدا به اين‌صورت عمل مي‌كردند يا خير؟ انتظار ما از مفاهيمي تا كنون بدست آورديم در فيزيك ذرات اين‌است كه بايد كوارك تنها هم در چنين انرژي‌هايي وجود داشه باشد. چون فرصتي براي هيچ نوع تركيبي وجود نداشته. آن‌قدر انرژي بالا بوده كه ممكن است حتي بفهميم ذرات ديگري هم وجود دارند به عنوان بلوك‌هاي بنيادي و اين انتظاري طبيعي است. به همين علت در خبرها حتماً خونديد كه &lt;span style="color:#000099;"&gt;LHC&lt;/span&gt; به گونه‌اي شبيه ساز انفجار بزرگ هم هست. ذره‌ي هيگز هم يكي از اين ذرات نظري است كه بايد ديد آيا وجود دارد يا نه. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;اين ذره هم از فيزيك نظري ذرات بدست‌ آمده در مدل استاندارد. جلوتر اينها رو معرفي مي‌كنم. بخصوص مدل استاندارد ذرات. و اما جدول: كوارك‌ها يكي از دسته‌بندي هاي اصلي اين جدول هستند. اما دسته‌ي ديگر لپتون‌ها هستند. ديگر ذرات بنيادي كه قابل تجزيه نيستند. &lt;span style="color:#000099;"&gt;تاو-الكترون-ميون&lt;/span&gt; و &lt;span style="color:#000099;"&gt;سه نوترينوي&lt;/span&gt; مربوط به اونها. نوترينو‌ها رو از آشكار سازي ذرات بنيادي در واپاشي‌هاي پرتوهاي كيهاني و شتابدهندهها توانستيم ببينم. و علت اصل بقاي انرژي و اندازه‌ي حركت بود كه در فيلم‌عكاسي متوجه حضورش شدند. در اين باره هم جداگانه در همين بخش مي‌نويسم. در جدول مشخصات فيزيكي آنها هم آمده. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;عنوان مطلب بعدي ذرات زير اتمي است. (اين مطلب رو ابتدا از &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.astrotalk.ir/viewtopic.php?f=22&amp;amp;t=1021"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;تالار گفتگوي آسمان شب&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt; شروع كردم و ديدم بهتره كه مطلب رو اينجا بيارم). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-8691393909528506226?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/8691393909528506226/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/1.html#comment-form' title='2 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8691393909528506226'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/8691393909528506226'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/1.html' title='فيزيك ذرات -1'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SdNrHLnZT7I/AAAAAAAAAHQ/_F9tnJxibcA/s72-c/553px-Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles_svg.png' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-6644540511571209740</id><published>2009-04-01T17:14:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2009-04-01T17:16:19.041+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>Second Order Cosmological Gravitational wave</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://physics.ipm.ac.ir/seminars/"&gt;An IPM seminar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://physics.ipm.ac.ir/seminars/2009/04apr09/pdf/abstract.pdf"&gt;Abstract&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-6644540511571209740?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/6644540511571209740/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/second-order-cosmological-gravitational.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6644540511571209740'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6644540511571209740'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/second-order-cosmological-gravitational.html' title='Second Order Cosmological Gravitational wave'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-2472400451691341418</id><published>2009-04-01T17:09:00.002+04:30</published><updated>2009-04-08T16:35:43.304+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>First IPM meeting on LHC Physics</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://particles.ipm.ir/conferences/FIMLHCP/speakersandtitleoftalks.htm"&gt;Speakers and Title of Talks&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://particles.ipm.ir/conferences/FIMLHCP/pdfs/program.pdf"&gt;Tentative Program&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://particles.ipm.ir/conferences/FIMLHCP/pdfs/Participants.pdf"&gt;Final list of Participants&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-2472400451691341418?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/2472400451691341418/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/first-ipm-meeting-on-lhc-physics.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/2472400451691341418'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/2472400451691341418'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/04/first-ipm-meeting-on-lhc-physics.html' title='First IPM meeting on LHC Physics'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-6882545664220509661</id><published>2009-03-29T18:43:00.002+04:30</published><updated>2009-03-29T18:47:47.197+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>Physics Special Colloquium by Pro.Vafa</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Sc-COxDP91I/AAAAAAAAAHI/56jve9MtNMA/s1600-h/IMG_8084.jpg"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5318612875144591186" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 213px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Sc-COxDP91I/AAAAAAAAAHI/56jve9MtNMA/s320/IMG_8084.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;div align="center"&gt;Physics Special Colloquium By &lt;a href="http://www.physics.harvard.edu/people/facpages/vafa.html"&gt;Professor Cumrun Vafa&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://www.physics.harvard.edu/"&gt;Harvard University&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;Click &lt;a href="http://physics.ipm.ac.ir/news/vafa.jsp"&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; to go to main page of Pro.Vafa's seminar on &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;String Theory and LHC physics approaches. Photos and Voice File are attached.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-6882545664220509661?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/6882545664220509661/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/03/physics-special-colloquium-by-provafa.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6882545664220509661'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/6882545664220509661'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/03/physics-special-colloquium-by-provafa.html' title='Physics Special Colloquium by Pro.Vafa'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/Sc-COxDP91I/AAAAAAAAAHI/56jve9MtNMA/s72-c/IMG_8084.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-4423574079152488863</id><published>2009-03-26T16:49:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2009-03-26T16:50:08.923+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>Princeton Senior Finds Error in European Supercollider</title><content type='html'>click to main page: &lt;a href="http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,510489,00.html"&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-4423574079152488863?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/4423574079152488863/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/03/princeton-senior-finds-error-in.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4423574079152488863'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4423574079152488863'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/03/princeton-senior-finds-error-in.html' title='Princeton Senior Finds Error in European Supercollider'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-418949870419467421</id><published>2009-03-26T15:47:00.001+04:30</published><updated>2009-03-26T15:49:16.505+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>Crystals against Cancer</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://cdsweb.cern.ch/journal/article?issue=11/2009&amp;amp;name=CERNBulletin&amp;amp;category=News%20Articles&amp;amp;number=1&amp;amp;ln=en"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5317454331346245666" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 132px" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SctkipFBWCI/AAAAAAAAAHA/k5ea4oXw5BU/s320/0903_crystals.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;Click on Picture to go the main page of news.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-418949870419467421?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/418949870419467421/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/03/crystals-against-cancer.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/418949870419467421'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/418949870419467421'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/03/crystals-against-cancer.html' title='Crystals against Cancer'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SctkipFBWCI/AAAAAAAAAHA/k5ea4oXw5BU/s72-c/0903_crystals.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-450919973840217641</id><published>2009-03-26T15:30:00.003+04:30</published><updated>2009-03-26T15:35:56.284+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>Joint ICTP-INFN-SISSA (Topical Issues in LHC Physics)</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://cdsagenda5.ictp.trieste.it/full_display.php?smr=0&amp;amp;ida=a08166"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5317450799050108098" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 177px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 250px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/ScthVCP_rMI/AAAAAAAAAG4/lOOeJ6qLZs8/s320/ictp-ssisa09.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SctgkstbAlI/AAAAAAAAAGw/33U_RDr4Ksg/s1600-h/ictp-ssisa09.jpg"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-450919973840217641?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/450919973840217641/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/03/joint-ictp-infn-sissa-topical-issues-in.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/450919973840217641'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/450919973840217641'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/03/joint-ictp-infn-sissa-topical-issues-in.html' title='Joint ICTP-INFN-SISSA (Topical Issues in LHC Physics)'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/ScthVCP_rMI/AAAAAAAAAG4/lOOeJ6qLZs8/s72-c/ictp-ssisa09.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-1481085414788162342</id><published>2009-03-22T17:16:00.001+04:30</published><updated>2009-03-22T17:18:11.839+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>LHC@home</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://lhcathome.cern.ch/"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5315992852268687010" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 300px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 180px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/ScYzVXP9nqI/AAAAAAAAAGo/3xDul8rPX64/s320/LHC-particles.gif" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;LHC@home is a volunteer computing program which enables you to contribute idle time on your computer to help physicists develop and exploit particle accelerators, such as CERN's Large Hadron Collider.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Click on the image as before to go to the main page.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-1481085414788162342?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/1481085414788162342/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/03/lhchome.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/1481085414788162342'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/1481085414788162342'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/03/lhchome.html' title='LHC@home'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/ScYzVXP9nqI/AAAAAAAAAGo/3xDul8rPX64/s72-c/LHC-particles.gif' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-7697789274289987592</id><published>2009-03-22T17:13:00.004+04:30</published><updated>2009-03-22T17:14:57.455+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>LHCb</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://lhcb.web.cern.ch/lhcb/"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5315992194221284690" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 135px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 93px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/ScYyvD1PHVI/AAAAAAAAAGg/WAgiEvssHgg/s320/lhcblogo.gif" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-7697789274289987592?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/7697789274289987592/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/03/lhcb.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/7697789274289987592'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/7697789274289987592'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/03/lhcb.html' title='LHCb'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/ScYyvD1PHVI/AAAAAAAAAGg/WAgiEvssHgg/s72-c/lhcblogo.gif' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-1910481869602452914</id><published>2009-03-22T17:12:00.002+04:30</published><updated>2009-03-22T17:12:54.082+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>TOTEM</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://totem.web.cern.ch/Totem/"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5315991633303123682" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 218px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 320px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/ScYyOaP7NuI/AAAAAAAAAGI/2etp2uij2y8/s320/tot_log.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-1910481869602452914?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/1910481869602452914/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/03/totem.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/1910481869602452914'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/1910481869602452914'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/03/totem.html' title='TOTEM'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/ScYyOaP7NuI/AAAAAAAAAGI/2etp2uij2y8/s72-c/tot_log.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-7017520771805456814</id><published>2009-03-22T17:10:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2009-03-22T17:11:55.907+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>LHCf</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www.stelab.nagoya-u.ac.jp/LHCf/"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5315991333234339906" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 210px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/ScYx88Z88EI/AAAAAAAAAGA/QEWpAdAX0dg/s320/LHCf_logo.gif" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-7017520771805456814?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/7017520771805456814/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/03/lhcf.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/7017520771805456814'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/7017520771805456814'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/03/lhcf.html' title='LHCf'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/ScYx88Z88EI/AAAAAAAAAGA/QEWpAdAX0dg/s72-c/LHCf_logo.gif' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-4662062524566294613</id><published>2009-03-22T17:09:00.000+04:30</published><updated>2009-03-22T17:10:35.039+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>CMS</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://cms.web.cern.ch/cms/index.html"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5315991028616100114" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 42px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/ScYxrNnTeRI/AAAAAAAAAF4/BeC18HBZUfs/s320/CERNAndCMSLogo_draft.gif" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-4662062524566294613?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/4662062524566294613/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/03/cms.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4662062524566294613'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/4662062524566294613'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/03/cms.html' title='CMS'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/ScYxrNnTeRI/AAAAAAAAAF4/BeC18HBZUfs/s72-c/CERNAndCMSLogo_draft.gif' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-2979913032961355002</id><published>2009-03-22T17:07:00.001+04:30</published><updated>2009-03-22T17:09:33.514+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>ALICE</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/Public/Welcome.html"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5315990548229116434" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 50px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/ScYxPQCH0hI/AAAAAAAAAFw/ZBJ8adgmGCw/s320/ALICE-CERN-Logo.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-2979913032961355002?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/2979913032961355002/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/03/blog-post_453.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/2979913032961355002'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/2979913032961355002'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/03/blog-post_453.html' title='ALICE'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/ScYxPQCH0hI/AAAAAAAAAFw/ZBJ8adgmGCw/s72-c/ALICE-CERN-Logo.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5956276865476552360.post-5168416181352959657</id><published>2009-03-22T17:05:00.002+04:30</published><updated>2009-03-22T17:09:18.006+04:30</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='سردبير گروه ذرات بنيادي'/><title type='text'>Atlas Experiment Website</title><content type='html'>&lt;p align="left"&gt;&lt;a href="http://atlas.ch/students.html"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5315990034018400594" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 40px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/ScYwxUcu-VI/AAAAAAAAAFo/NB_DrNRWgx0/s320/banner-main.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5956276865476552360-5168416181352959657?l=hepgsu2.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/feeds/5168416181352959657/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/03/blog-post_5111.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/5168416181352959657'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5956276865476552360/posts/default/5168416181352959657'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hepgsu2.blogspot.com/2009/03/blog-post_5111.html' title='Atlas Experiment Website'/><author><name>High Energy Physics Group</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/18245463032852498169</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='31' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/SaQhohgXVrI/AAAAAAAAAAM/N3aE8vDMQiQ/S220/Particle+Photo.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F_gBRJvJov4/ScYwxUcu-VI/AAAAAAAAAFo/NB_DrNRWgx0/s72-c/banner-main.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry></feed>
